Prime Minister Stephen Harper says he'll vote against a motion introduced by one of his MPs that has reignited the national abortion debate. (CP)

OTTAWA - Prime Minister Stephen Harper said Thursday he'll vote against a motion introduced by one of his MPs that has reignited the national abortion debate.

The Opposition and pro-choice advocates said Harper himself was inciting a new round of public battles over abortion by allowing debate on Tory MP Stephen Woodworth's motion.

While Harper said he would personally reject the motion, he noted that individual members of Parliament can bring anything they choose to the Commons floor.

"Every private member can table bills and motions in the House," Harper said. "Party leaders don't have any control over that.

"This motion was deemed voteable by an all-party committee of the House. I think that's unfortunate. In my case I will be voting against the motion."

Woodworth's motion, if passed, would set up a committee of MPs to review the Criminal Code section which says a fetus does not become a human being until birth is complete.

The opposition parties rejected Harper's renewed assertion that he doesn't want to reopen the abortion question.

"No question: this motion seeks to reopen the abortion debate, and that's completely unacceptable," said Niki Ashton, the New Democrat status of women critic.

"As they attempted with other contentious issues, this Conservative government is once again using a backbench MP to further their agenda," added interim Liberal Leader Bob Rae.

During a one-hour debate of his motion, Woodworth told the Commons that the current legal definition of a human being is "dishonest."

"Here's what our 400-year-old definition of a human being says: a child becomes a human being when it has completely proceeded in a living state from the body of its mother," said Woodworth.

"How many Canadians believe that?"

Pro-choice advocates, however, consider Woodworth's motion the thin edge of a wedge to eventually make abortion illegal.

"The motion is a vehicle for religious groups and the anti-choice movement to establish legal personhood for fetuses," warned Joyce Arthur, executive director of the Abortion Rights Coalition of Canada.

"If they succeed, they'll try to re-criminalize abortion next."

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• Which Cabinet Ministers Oppose Abortion?

  The <a href="http://www.campaignlifecoalition.com/index.php?p=Find_Your_MP" target="_hplink">Campaign Life Coalition provides a listing of MPs who support and oppose abortion rights</a>. The list is based on voting records, previous comments and questionnaire responses. Here is a list of Conservative cabinet ministers who, according to the Coalition, oppose abortion. (CP)

• Rob Nicholson

  Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada. (CP)

• Vic Toews

  Minister of Public Safety. (CP)

• Peter Van Loan

  Leader of the Government in the House of Commons. (CP)

• Jason Kenney

  Minister of Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism. (CP)

• Gerry Ritz

  Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Minister for the Canadian Wheat Board. (Handout)

• Ed Fast

  Minister of International Trade and Minister for the Asia-Pacific Gateway. (CP)

• Lynne Yelich

  Minister of State for Western Economic Diversification. (Handout)

• Gary Goodyear

  Minister of State for Science and Technology and for the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario. (Handout)

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• Where The Parties Stand On Abortion

  Here's a look at the official position of Canada's federal parties, and how the controversial debate has reared its head in recent years. <em>With files from CBC</em>

• Conservative Party

  Prime Minister Stephen Harper has repeatedly said that he has no interest in addressing the issue head-on.<br><br>"As long as I am prime minister we are not opening the abortion debate," Mr. Harper said in April 2011. "The government will not bring forward any such legislation, and any such legislation that is brought forward will be defeated as long as I am prime minister." (CP)

• NDP

  NDP leader Tom Mulcair has stated that his caucus is unanimous in its opposition to the private member's motion calling on Parliament to look at whether a fetus is a human being, but he plans to force his MPs to vote along party lines.<br><br>"We're resolutely in favour of women's right to choose," Mulcair declared. (CP)

• Liberal Party

  Interim Liberal Leader Bob Rae has stressed that the abortion issue is matter of individual conscience. Rae expressed his personal opposition to reopening the debate, but said Liberal MPs will be allowed to vote "their conscience" rather than force them to toe the party line.<br><br>"Our position on reproductive choice, my position on reproductive choice is very, very clear. It has been for decades. The position is it's a person's right to choose." (CP)

• Planned Parenthood Funding Controversy

  Saskatoon-Humboldt MP Brad Trost tells Saskatchewan's ProLife Association in April 2011 that the federal government has decided to cut funding to the International Planned Parenthood Federation, a decision he says was influenced by anti-abortion supporters.<br><br>"I cannot tell you specifically how we used it, but those petitions were very, very useful and they were part of what we used to defund Planned Parenthood because it has been an absolute disgrace that that organization and several others like it have been receiving one penny of Canadian taxpayers' dollars," Trost said.<br><br>Maurice Vellacott, a Conservative MP from Saskatoon-Wanuskewin, also calls for Planned Parenthood to be defunded.<br><br>Vellacott says the controversy over the funding "exposed the lies and destructiveness of IPPF's agenda."<br><br>"It exposes what this abortion giant is surreptitiously trying to achieve worldwide."<br><br>International Cooperation Minister Bev Oda approves funding. (CP)

• 'Coerced' Abortion Law

  Conservative Winnipeg MP Rod Bruinooge proposes "Roxanne's Law" in 2010, a bill that would penalize anyone who "coerced" a woman into ending her pregnancy against her will.<br><br>"It's not just as simple as feeling pressured to get an abortion; there is a lot of discussion of sex-selection abortion these days, as well," Bruinooge told the Winnipeg Free Press. "It's part of the overall topic of intimidation that goes towards a pregnant woman."<br><br>Bruinooge insisted the bill wasn't meant to force Parliament to wade into the debate banned by Harper, stating that nothing in his bill made it illegal to abort a fetus.<br><br>But the Liberals and New Democrats saw it as a backdoor entry into the touchy topic.<br><br>"How is an abortion bill not an abortion bill?" said then-Liberal MP Anita Neville. "This certainly introduces discussion into the House of Commons and it is a rather sneaky way of doing it."<br><br>Then-NDP leader Jack Layton echoed her concerns. "You have got to wonder what is really going on here."<br><br>The bill was defeated in December of 2010, with 178 votes for and 97 against it. Harper and many Conservatives voted against it and 10 Liberals supported it. The NDP was unanimously against it. (Handout)

• Maternal Health

  International Co-operation Minister Bev Oda discloses for the first time in April 2011 that Canada will not fund abortions in its G8 child and maternal health-care initiative for developing countries.<br><br>Keith Martin, then-Liberal MP who had defected from the Tories years earlier, expressed outrage. "People here are perplexed and wondering why Canada is rolling back the clock and depriving women in developing countries from having the same rights to basic health care and access to abortion as women in Canada," he said.<br><br>Then-NDP leader Jack Layton accused the Tories of putting Canada on side with former U.S. president George Bush, who reduced support for abortion-related aid.<br><br>"It's picking up the banner that George Bush used to carry, and I think that that's not something that would be supported by the majority of Canadians, that's for sure," Layton said.<br><br>On June 25, Canada pledged $1.1 billion to a global initiative on maternal and child health for developing countries - a disproportionately high amount compared to other G8 countries. Canada did not allow for its share to be used in the funding of abortions. (CP)