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  <title>Georgianne Nienaber</title>
  <link href="http://huffingtonpost.ca/author/index.php?author=georgianne-nienaber"/>
  <updated>2013-06-19T05:50:50-04:00</updated>
  <author>
    <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
  </author>
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<entry>
    <title>What If Lab Animals Could Tweet?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/new_1_b_3386509.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3386509</id>
    <published>2013-06-05T16:56:12-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-06-05T16:56:17-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[The Gallup Study opens the door to more questions than answers about changing moral values with respect to animals. No one wants to see Fido in the laboratory with electrodes coming out of his head, but the plight of monkeys seems to affect the young more than the old.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[A <a href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/162881/older-americans-moral-attitudes-changing.aspx?utm_source=alert&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=syndication&amp;utm_content=morelink&amp;utm_term=Moral%20Issues" target="_hplink">Gallup Poll</a> released a day ago shows that in the last 12 years support by Americans for the use of animals in medical testing has declined, with the greatest shift occurring in younger Americans.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-06-04-graph.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-06-04-graph.jpg" width="500" height="325" /></center><br />
<center><em>Graphic from SAEN and<a href="http://www.gallup.com/poll/162881/older-americans-moral-attitudes-changing.aspx" target="_hplink"> Gallup</a></em></center><br />
 <br />
According to Gallup, which measures moral attitudes on various issues, such as premarital sex and gay relations, the support for the use of animals in medical research has decreased by more than 10 percent in the past 12 years (2001-2013). Those in the 18-34 age group had the biggest decline - about 19 percent - with only 47 percent supporting animal testing, compared to 66 percent in 2001. Support dropped, but not as dramatically, for those 55 and older.<br />
<br />
<br />
A couple of thoughts come to mind.<br />
<br />
The first is that for at least the last 12 years, Gallup has included animal testing in the "morality" category. The second involves my daughter's generation and its ability to "evolve" with respect to their a priori knowledge about animal cognition and suffering.<br />
<br />
Respondents to the Gallup survey were asked to respond to a list of issues. Regardless of whether or not they though the issue should be legalized, they were asked to indicate whether the issues were "morally right" or "morally wrong." Are younger people more open to evaluating morality? What is going on with the baby boomers, and why are we so set in our cognitive ways? Are our children evolving faster than we are? <br />
<br />
When the press release came in today from the animal rights investigative organization, <a href="http://www.all-creatures.org/saen/" target="_hplink">SAEN</a>, I happened to be deep into reading an incredibly dense book, <em>The Origins of Meaning</em>, which examines the evolution of language. Author James R. Hurford presents mountains of evidence demonstrating that our closest relatives on the evolutionary tree, non-human primates (monkeys and apes), are very, very close to the brink of human language. Non-human primates are about to venture into the realm inhabited by philosophers, and SAEN's presser made me queasy just thinking about animals' abilities to literally read minds when they are housed in deplorable conditions in the nation's laboratories.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-06-05-pics20090327.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-06-05-pics20090327.jpg" width="300" height="450" /></center><br />
<center><em>Photo courtesy of SAEN</em></center><br />
<br />
I am hoping trolls in favor of scientific research do not jump on this post as an opportunity to vent their positions on animal research. Instead, let's engage in some critical thinking. <br />
<br />
Michael A. Budkie, A.H.T., Executive Director of SAEN, attributes the change in attitudes to "to the increasing exposure of the negligence and violations of federal law within U.S. labs." SAEN has been relentless in its exposures of medical research labs that are not following federal laws.<br />
<br />
In fact, <a href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-09-03/national/35495908_1_michael-budkie-research-animals-monkeys" target="_hplink">the <em>Washington Post</em></a>, <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-08-30/harvard-dead-monkeys-make-top-10-list-for-lab-violations.html" target="_hplink"><em>Bloomberg</em></a>, and the <a href="http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2012/09/13/harvard-medical-school-accreditation-put-probation-animal-research-organization/WI8gjmwLzmY6QCWLtpc3AN/story.html " target="_hplink"><em>Boston Globe</em></a> have each cited Budkie and other animal rights' groups efforts to expose conditions at Harvard.<br />
<br />
When the Harvard Medical School <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/24/new-england-primate-research-center-harvard_n_3148056.html " target="_hplink">announced </a>that the New England Primate Research Center will close by 2015, <a href="http://hms.harvard.edu/news/hms-wind-down-operations-primate-research-center-4-23-13" target="_hplink">citing funding issues</a>, the Humane Society of the United States <a href="http://m.humanesociety.org/news/press_releases/2013/04/harvard-primate-research-center-closure-042313.html " target="_hplink">praised the decision</a> as a step in the right direction that went far beyond issues of funding.<br />
<br />
<blockquote> Harvard's decision to close the New England Primate Research Center is a significant, positive development. As an organization, we advocate for better investment of research dollars. Moving away from the use of these highly intelligent animals is another step in that right direction. </blockquote><br />
<br />
The primate center currently houses approximately 2,000 monkeys, and was previously cited for numerous Animal Welfare Act violations. Four primates died, and conditions at the lab put other research animals in danger. Complaints by animal rights' groups, including SAEN, led the U.S. Department of Agriculture to open an investigation.<br />
<br />
So the plight of lab primates has certainly been in the news, but I doubt that most young, hip individuals turn to Bloomberg with their morning lattes in hand. Look to social media connections instead. Google "animal rights on Facebook" and get dozens of hits in every country.<br />
<br />
All Twitter <a href="http://www.mediabistro.com/alltwitter/social-media-animal-lovers_b15541 " target="_hplink">reports </a>that "Animal Rights (are) More Important To <em>Twitter</em> Users Than Disaster Relief, Environment." Animals dominated all categories, including average tweets per week, average <em>Facebook </em>posts per week, and average weekly <em>Twitter</em> mentions, according to <a href="http://www.mediabistro.com/alltwitter/nonprofits-twitter-facebook_b14823" target="_hplink">Craigconnects</a>.<br />
<br />
Language and the linguistic thinking process evolved over millions of years, and perhaps the news is that social media has enhanced the evolution of empathy in the young.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately, for that older demographic, aging seems to have reduced the ability to experience changes in attitude toward animals. <a href="http://www.radford.edu/~jaspelme/_private/gradsoc_articles/persuasion/aging_and_attitude_change_2.pdf " target="_hplink">Studies support</a> the hypothesis that attitude changes are greater in early adulthood and decrease as the years progress. <br />
<br />
The Gallup Study opens the door to more questions than answers about changing moral values with respect to animals. No one wants to see Fido in the laboratory with electrodes coming out of his head, but the plight of monkeys seems to affect the young more than the old.<br />
<br />
One wonders what would happen if lab animals could tweet.]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>UN's Ban Ki-moon Visits Congo: Admonishes Army While Delivering Aid</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/ban-ki-moon-congo-visit_b_3354776.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3354776</id>
    <published>2013-05-30T10:47:34-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-05-30T10:47:39-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon visited the Democratic Republic of Congo last week, and the publicity, coupled with a $1 billion aid package from the World Bank, inadvertently spotlighted President Joseph Kabila's image as an ineffective manager of the affairs of his impoverished nation.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<em>With Obadias Ndaba</em><br />
<br />
United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon visited the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) last week, and the publicity, coupled with a $1 billion <a href="http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/05/22/world-bank-announces-us-1-billion-pledge-to-africa-great-lakes-region-targeting-energy-roads-agriculture-cross-border-trade-health-jobs" target="_hplink">aid package</a> from the World Bank, inadvertently spotlighted President Joseph Kabila's image as an ineffective manager of the affairs of his impoverished nation. Kabila and his Parliament have <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/oct/12/jospeh-kabila-kivu-crisis-congo" target="_hplink">not provided</a> constructive leadership when one considers that the United Nations' Human Development Index ranks the DRC at the bottom of 187 countries.  These are stunning statistics, since the DRC owns half of the world's cobalt, 30 percent of all diamonds, and 70 percent of the planet's coltan, which is the driving component in mobile phones.  Gold, copper, oil and other strategic minerals fill the DRC treasure chest, which has been plundered by a system of defacto international piracy. The <a href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39986#.UaZXmWTEq8W" target="_hplink">UN website</a> and <em><a href="http://www.forbescustom.com/EmergingMarketsPgs/DRCongoP1.html" target="_hplink">Forbes</a></em> estimate DRC's worth in minerals alone to be $24 trillion. <br />
  <br />
Looking deeper down the rabbit hole of foreign aid, it is obvious the touted $1 billion is chicken feed since the U.N. peacekeeping mission in Congo (MONUSCO) is costing global taxpayers close to $<a href="http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/monusco/facts.shtml" target="_hplink">1.5 billion a year</a>. <br />
<br />
<center><iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Vw3BDTaejcw" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
On a positive note, Ban Ki-moon reaffirmed that the international community stands with the DRC in the struggle for peace in the ravaged eastern provinces that have not experienced stability since the Rwandan genocide of 1994. In an historic visit to the provincial capital of Goma, Ban Ki-moon <a href="http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2013/05/23/ban_ki-Ban%20Ki-moon%20_visits_goma_in_the_congo/en1-694824" target="_hplink">urged the Congo president</a> "to give appropriate instruction to the FARDC army to strictly abide by the international humanitarian law and protect the lives of civilian population," as they engage the M23 rebel political movement's army.<br />
<br />
Why the veiled admonition to the Congo army (FARDC)?<br />
<br />
<strong>Atrocities by U.S. Trained Congo Troops</strong><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.stripes.com/news/africa/us-trained-congolese-battalion-among-units-accused-of-rape-1.220357" target="_hplink">A report,</a> issued two weeks ago by the United Nations Joint Human Rights Office, says members of the Congolese 391st Commando Battalion, which was trained by U.S. special forces troops assigned to U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM), and other Democratic Republic of Congo troops, participated in a range of atrocities, including the mass rape of women and young girls in eastern Congo.  <br />
<br />
<blockquote>The abuses by the soldiers were committed "in a systematic manner and with extreme violence," according to the report. At least 102 women and 33 girls, reportedly as young as six, were victims of rape or other acts of sexual violence perpetrated by government soldiers, the report stated. The soldiers also were responsible for the arbitrary execution of at least two people and the widespread looting of villages, it said. </blockquote><br />
<br />
The international press wrongly assigned blame for the atrocities on the M23 rebels, and has not retracted their errors, further obfuscating the reality of life on the ground in eastern DRC.<br />
<br />
It is fair to say that the UN has failed miserably to achieve its mandate in DRC, and the greeting Ban Ki-moon received in Goma at a hospital for victims of sexual violence tells the tale. The <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22659342" target="_hplink"><em>BBC</em> reports</a>, "Ban Ki-Moon visited a hospital for the victims of sexual violence. He was greeted with chants that mixed anger with anguish. He held a press conference, and then he was off."<br />
<br />
Any reasonable person would have to agree that an additional $1 billion would not fix this breakdown of civil society.<br />
<br />
The full transcript of Ban Ki-Moon's <a href="http://www.un.org/sg/offthecuff/index.asp?nid=2826" target="_hplink">remarks</a> says all the right things about diagnosing the afflictions of lack of security and human rights abuses, but offers the wrong prescription -- more aid and more troops made of a new intervention brigade due next month. In March the Security Council authorized the creation of the brigade of three infantry battalions, one artillery, and one special force and reconnaissance company to be headquartered in Goma under the direct command of the new MONUSCO force commander, Lieutenant General Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz of Brazil. <br />
<br />
Even more troubling, considering the current scandal involving AFRICOM trained troops, is Ban Ki-moon's appointment of dos Santos Cruz, who served as <a href="http://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/secretary-general-appoints-lieutenant-general-carlos-alberto-dos" target="_hplink">Force Commander of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti </a>(MINUSTAH) from January 2007 to April 2009. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7075866.stm in Haiti" target="_hplink">Under his watch</a>, 100 of 950 Sri Lankan peacekeepers were sent packing, accused of sexual abuse with underage girls. In an interview with the <em>Asian Tribune</em> in November 2007, the former MINUSTAH commander avoided commenting on the sex and prostitution scandal, yet <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/node/8444" target="_hplink">heaped praise</a> upon the "dedication" of the Sri Lankan contingent. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/second-reading/peacekeepers-gone-wild-how-much-more-abuse-will-the-un-ignore-in-congo/article4462151/" target="_hplink">Recent investigations </a>conducted by Dr. Victoria Fontan, head of the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies at the University for Peace in Costa Rica, accuse MONUSCO troops of committing "violent and abusive acts against Congolese girls, and doing so with complete impunity."<br />
<br />
Will dos Santos Cruz make a difference, considering the failures of troop discipline and morality in Haiti?<br />
<br />
Ban Ki-moon stopped short of lauding the 3,000 troops of the intervention brigade, terming it "not a substitute for the security forces of the DRC." Security experts are cautious as to the effectiveness of such a small contingent in a vast country with no cohesive army. The current DRC government depends for its very survival on the existing 20,000 UN troops, and it is difficult to imagine that an additional 3,000 troops, unfamiliar with the terrain and climate, will make any difference at all.<br />
<br />
Nosoviwe Mapisa-Nqakula, South Africa's minister of defense, whose troops will comprise the bulk of the new intervention brigade, suggested that the troops would function as "<a href="http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20130526-baby-sitting-afrique-sud-rdc-opposition-nord-kivu-onu-m23-nosoviwe-mapisa-nqakula" target="_hplink">baby sitters</a>" for the Congolese army. <br />
<br />
What Congo needs is another kind of help; a serious government with a disciplined army that defends and unites its entire people before seeking outside help. Congo needs to look inward and listen to the yearnings of its own people. <br />
<br />
Consider events in DRC that never made the media spotlight last week.<br />
<br />
<strong>Events that Never Made the News</strong><br />
<br />
Three Tutsi students from the Banyamulenge tribe were walking in Bukavu when youths from other tribes threw stones at them, accusing them of <a href="http://blog.lesoir.be/colette-braeckman/2013/05/24/heurts-interethniques-a-bukavu-barricades-dans-la-ville/" target="_hplink">being accomplices </a>with the M23 rebel movement.  Hostilities escalated, and 41 students were injured, some critically. Two churches were ransacked and then burned down. This incident reflects ethnic divisions that no one wants to address.<br />
<br />
Members of the Banyamulenge community, who have largely avoided the M23 movement, could reconsider their positions in an increasingly hostile environment with nonexistent government protection.  Congolese extremists, those who believe that Tutsis should be expelled from Congo, are growing. The M23 is the tip of an iceberg in Congo's<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20586792" target="_hplink"> kaleidoscope</a> of armed groups. Conservative estimates put the number at over <a href="http://www.oxfam.org.uk/What-we-do/Emergency-response/Conflict-in-DR-Congo/Congo-map" target="_hplink">30 organized armed groups</a>, excluding small community militias. <br />
<br />
Hostilities between the Congolese army and the M23 r<a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324102604578497232578636890.html?mod=googlenews_wsj" target="_hplink">esumed in Mutaho</a>, 10 km from Goma. Three days of fighting culminated in 4 civilian deaths and many wounded as shells hit the suburbs of Goma during heavy fighting between the two forces. Both parties have claimed the other attacked first and reports of military causalities have so far been contested. <br />
<br />
Attacks by other rebel groups on civilians are reported in Mpeti, and the final death toll of clashes between the FARDC and Mai-Mai in Beni were confirmed at 40. Congolese troops are reported to have dislodged newly formed FDDH rebels and Nyatura militia from the Mbuyi and Kashanje hills. Meanwhile, Ugandan ADF-NALU fighters have been causing displacement through their activities in Beni, and fears of potential clashes between the FARDC and the FDLR in Masisi territory are reported. In Province Orientale the Congolese army is accused of human rights abuses along Lake Albert.<br />
<br />
Radio Okapi reports that Congolese Military Naval Forces were responsible for more than <a href="http://radiookapi.net/societe/2013/05/18/province-orientale-les-militaires-accuses-de-violations-de-droits-de-lhomme-mahagi/" target="_hplink">eight cases of murder by gunfire, two rapes, and forced marriages</a>, several cases of extortion and arbitrary arrests from 2010 to 2013 in Mahagi. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>Civil Society has identified these violations of human rights in a report released Thursday, May 16 in the area. These abuses are along Lake Albert in chiefdoms and Mokambo Wagongo Territory Mahagi (Eastern Province). The coordinator of the new Civil Society Mahagi Samy Jakwong'a requested replacement of the military by the Naval Police for the tranquility of the local population. </blockquote><br />
<br />
The new intervention of 3,000 troops won't succeed where the existing 20,000 MONUSCO troops have failed. Intervention brigades, peacekeepers, or symbolic infusions of $1 billion in foreign aid won't cure Congo. A decent government capable of valuing and reconciling its people will cure it. All efforts should be geared towards setting up a decentralized government and a disciplined army. <br />
<br />
<em>Co-author Obadias Ndaba, originally from Congo, is a regular commentator on African affairs.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1164465/thumbs/s-BAN-KIMOON-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Who Owns Haiti's Future?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/progress-in-haiti_b_3138597.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3138597</id>
    <published>2013-04-26T17:40:07-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-04-26T17:40:14-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Three years and $6 billon later, we remain with the same questions and a very troubling report about USAID from CEPR. The big question remains. Who is capable of charting the way forward for Haiti?]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[It has been three years since a devastating earthquake stopped clocks in Haiti at 4:53 PM. It seemed that Haiti was also stopped dead in her tracks, and for those who follow progress, or lack thereof in the tiny country, many questions remain about foreign aid that has translated into foreign control over Haiti's destiny. How many articles will we write that begin, "It has been (pick a number) years since January 2010 when a 7.0 earthquake killed hundreds of thousands of people and caused over $7 billion in damages," and then ask the question about donor dollars. What happened to the $6 billion pledged by the international community, and what is the possibility that Haiti can forge realistic plans for a sustainable future?<br />
<br />
Two opportunities to examine this question crossed my desk in the last few weeks. <br />
<br />
The first is a report from the Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR), "<a href="http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/haiti-aid-accountability-2013-04.pdf" target="_hplink">Breaking Open the Black Box: Increasing Aid Transparency and Accountability in Haiti</a>," which examines the effectiveness of U.S. assistance to Haiti, how it is being administered, or not, and whether it is possible to administer aid in the sunshine of transparency. Judging from the CEPR findings, it seems that an opaque umbrella of fraud is covering the tiny nation.<br />
<br />
The CEPR report notes that very few audits of USAID's programs in Haiti since the earthquake have been completed, and those that are available present a "troubling picture of the manner in which U.S. relief and reconstruction efforts have been conducted so far." <br />
<br />
<blockquote>Contractors have hired far fewer Haitians than promised, Haitian businesses were largely excluded, goals were not met, there was inadequate supervision of grantees, and USAID had not conducted internal financial reviews of contractors.</blockquote><br />
<br />
Of the $1.15 billion in contracts and grants awarded, more than half went to the top 10 recipients of global USAID awards. Only 0.7 percent of USAID money went to Haitian businesses. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-23-haitigrapgic.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-23-haitigrapgic.jpg" width="500" height="310" /></center><center><em>The vast majority of USAID contracts for post earthquake relief and development have gone to NGOs and contractors based in the United States and specifically from inside the beltway--Washington, Southern Maryland, and northern Virginia. (CEPR)</em></center>><br />
<br />
<br />
It may be absolutely impossible to "follow the money" in the case of Haiti "reconstruction." Seven- tenths of one percent of aid dollars is miniscule, and U.S. taxpayers might want to sit up and take notice. <br />
<br />
In the weeks after the CEPR report went public, a small conference took place at the Miami Convention Center. The fourth annual <a href="http://www.haiticonference.com " target="_hplink">Sustainable Haiti Conference</a> offered a powerhouse of attendees -- from USAID, the State Department, and the predictable list of NGOs -- but I was most interested in catching up with Regine Barjon. Barjon is the Partner, Chief Executive Officer of BioTek Haiti SA. She is also the marketing director for the Haitian-American Chamber of Commerce of Florida. I met Barjon in the weeks immediately following the 2010 disaster at another conference in Miami, and have followed her ever since -- impressed as she stood up against a room full of white security experts who were prophesizing social Armageddon in Haiti. The diminutive <a href="http://www.laprogressive.com/haiti-recovery-grow-chickens/" target="_hplink">Barjon wagged her finger at the big guys</a> and told them in no uncertain terms that Haiti could manage her own destiny if they would just get out of the way. "Haiti can grow her own chickens," still echoes in my mind when I think of that day and the numerous trips to Haiti that followed -- trips that revealed that Haiti was drowning in aid that offered little but strangulation. <br />
<br />
Last week in Miami, Barjon as always was on target, determined, and full of positive ideas on how the Diaspora and Haitians can invest in themselves -- if only the foreign influences and interests would just get out of the way.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-23-regineportraithp.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-23-regineportraithp.jpg" width="477" height="500" /></center><em><center> Regine Barjon Discusses "Investing by the Diaspora" at the Miami Convention Center (photo: G. Nienaber)</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
Barjon took the time to answer a battery of questions. Her answers are worth consideration.<br />
<br />
<strong>How do you view the change in leadership at State now that John Kerry is at the helm?</strong><br />
<br />
The Haitian Diaspora is gratified that the Obama administration and Secretary Kerry have continued the open dialogue so imperative to the formulation of U.S. policies for Haiti. But more importantly, this dialogue is vital and opportune simply because no more can we allow others to define us through their own lenses. It is imperative that as Haitians and Haitian-Americans we define ourselves -- and that we own it!<br />
<br />
<strong>So, How does Haiti "own" her future?</strong><br />
<br />
The challenge is to implement policies and to fund programs and projects with direct and favorable impact on Haiti's economy -- projects which benefit the most people by taking into account Haiti's existing assets. U.S. policies for Haiti must be adopted with this in mind.<br />
<br />
The poor results of past policies have proven to be a total waste of U.S. taxpayers' money through the financing of NGOs. Quite simply, if something does not work, we should not keep throwing good money at it. The U.S. government must actively look towards building a viable Haitian private sector that can contribute to the creation of jobs, and effective public/private partnerships with the Haitian State to better link and match infrastructure projects to production. In addition, judicial reform is also necessary to ensure a successful investment climate. <br />
<br />
<strong>What about the controversial <a href="http://www.clintonfoundation.org/main/our-work/by-initiative/clinton-foundation-in-haiti/programs/economic-development/caracol-industrial-park.html" target="_hplink">US/South Korean Carocal Project</a>? <a href="http://haitigrassrootswatch.squarespace.com/11_7_eng" target="_hplink">Haiti Grassroots Watch</a> warns that the industrial park project, built with over 200 million dollars in U.S. financing, will not only endanger the eco-system, but create sweatshop labor conditions. The Korean apparel manufacturer Sae-A is the anchor tenant. </strong><br />
<br />
Though the U.S. has opted to bypass Haiti's breadbaskets in favor of tackling the Caracol Project, the U.S. should continue to fund programs of similar scale as that project in the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors. Large-scale agriculture and agro-industrial programs and projects would have an even greater impact in reaching more people than Caracol because agriculture, in spite of its marginalization and nearly no public support over the past 50 years, still represents 25 percent of GDP and employs 66 percent of the Haitian population. There is ample room for growth in this sector, and it would ensure food security for the 58 percent of Haiti's people who are currently food insecure.<br />
<br />
Greater focus and attention needs to be placed on sourcing, accessibility, and affordability of food that will allow local food producers to compete with the saturation of imported products. <br />
<br />
<strong>So how do you address the obvious trade imbalances that are exacerbated by foreign aid?</strong><br />
<br />
The Martelly government has a stated goal of reducing Haiti's food imports by 25 percent over the next four years. This can only happen with the adoption and implementation of large-scale agro-industrial projects that have the capacity to work directly and indirectly with the thousands of small farms and farm associations. The example can be given with Haiti's two sugar mills: one, the Citadelle des Cayes, which is currently completely moth-balled, and the other, the Darbonne Sugar Mill, which is operating at less than half its capacity. <br />
<br />
The Darbonne Sugar Mill (Barjon's project) at full operational capacity would increase jobs from the current 1,300 (direct and indirect) full and seasonal jobs to over 10,000 full-time direct and indirect positions. In addition, studies undertaken by BioTek Haiti SA, (Barjon's business) have found that the mill can produce a minimum of 15 Megawatts of electricity year-round from sugar cane bagasse and other indigenous crops. The study also found that the mill can be a source of feedstock for multiple second-generation industrial applications, such as the production of biofuels (butanol and ethanol), particle boards, and bio-fertilizer. <br />
<br />
<strong>I keep thinking about the Haitian investor who asked the question of you and the State Department Advisor Mark D'Sa. The man said he had money to invest in the private sector, but had no guidance on how to do that.</strong><br />
<br />
Quite simply he has to decide and define what he wants to do first and where his specific interests lie.<br />
<br />
But on the larger scale, we need to be able to establish a network and database of businesses (including NGOs) to be made available to the larger public.<br />
<br />
Would-be investors will be able to see and judge and determine sectors and industries that best match their interests. It should be noted that in this sector, the Government of Haiti has made great strides. The Center for Facilitation of Investment, CFI-Haiti, has streamlined the business applications process to one day and to half the price it was previously.<br />
<br />
This is great progress, but the $2,500 price tag remains somewhat steep if compared to the U.S. and other industrialized countries. In the neighboring Dominican Republic and Jamaica, companies can be formed in a week for $400.<br />
<br />
So, three years and $6 billon later, we remain with the same questions and a very troubling report about USAID from CEPR. The big question remains. Who is capable of charting the way forward for Haiti?]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>UN Continues to Sacrifice African Lives for Political Expediency</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/united-nations-africa_b_3072215.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3072215</id>
    <published>2013-04-17T11:47:46-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-06-17T05:12:01-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[The grim month of April is here once again. Nineteen years ago the world stood by and watched the unthinkable become reality. Are we willing to force change?]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[How is it ethically possible to negotiate with a group and then promote war against it? <br />
<br />
While the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) rebel group M23 continues to pursue peace talks in Kampala, Uganda at the <a href="http://www.norad.no/en/tools-and-publications/publications/publication?key=131851 " target="_hplink">International Conference of the Great Lakes Region</a> (ICGLR), under the leadership of chairman Bertrand Bisimwa and spokesman R&eacute;n&eacute; Abandi, the United Nations is organizing three battalions of 3,000 troops from South Africa, Tanzania, Malawi and Mozambique to conduct "offensive operations" against rebels in eastern Congo.  19,815 MONUSCO troops are currently deployed in the country. This action will effectively pit Africans against Africans in the forests of Congo, opening the door to a regional bloodbath, while ignoring the problems that have plagued the Kivu Provinces for decades. <br />
<br />
It has been 19 years since the Rwandan genocide of April 1994 -- a heinous event that the <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/jun/14/londonreviewofbooks" target="_hplink">United Nations watched unfold in silence</a>. <br />
<br />
Africans were expendable then and seem to be now. The UN should have acted in 1994. The Security Council should refrain from meddling and using African nations to prop up MONUSCO's failed peacekeeping mission in DRC at the expense of more African bloodshed.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-12-genocide.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-12-genocide.jpg" width="500" height="332" /></center><br />
<center><em>The UN's Expendable Victims: 1994 Ntarama Memorial Site, Rwanda  (2009 Photo: G. Nienaber)</em></center><br />
<br />
On March 28, the UN Security Council approved <a href="https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/sc10964.doc.htm" target="_hplink">Resolution 2098</a>, which authorizes three infantry battalions, one artillery, and one special forces and reconnaissance company to be headquartered in the provincial capitol of Goma. The text of the Resolution targets the "increased activity of other armed groups, including the Alliance des Patriotes pour un Congo libre et souverain (APCLS) and the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) in North Kivu, the Mayi-Mayi Gedeon and the Mayi-Mayi Kata-katanga in Katanga Province, the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) in Orientale Province, and further expressing concern at Rwandan reports of attacks by the FDLR on Rwandan territory." <br />
<br />
It is about time that something is done to protect the innocent in this region, but there are some glaring omissions and half-truths present in the United Nations' statement. Number one is the omission that the M23/CNDP was formed in March 2012 as a response to the lawlessness and lack of government control in eastern Congo. The <a href="http://www.iccwomen.org/publications/Peace_Agreement_between_the_Government_and_the_CNDP.pdf" target="_hplink">Goma Peace Accord</a> was signed by Congolese President Joseph Kabila in 2009 and never implemented. A central tenet of the agreement is that a "quick and lasting solution to this crisis" of "massive human rights violations" and "unprecedented" humanitarian emergencies must be found. <br />
<br />
The M23 has been essentially fighting for the same outcome that Resolution 2098 purports to be seeking-- while actively engaged in fighting FDLR genocidaires who have proven <a href="http://www.idsa.in/backgrounder/MONUSCO " target="_hplink">collusions </a>with not only the United Nations, but also the <a href="http://www.rnanews.com/regional/1617-the-quasi-official-relationship-between-fdlr-and-fardc" target="_hplink">Congolese Army</a> (FARDC). FDLR defectors have detailed incidents when MONUSCO came to the militia's rescue, including "<a href="http://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/views/article_print.php?i=15031&amp;a=55078&amp;icon=Print" target="_hplink">bailing them out with food supplies</a>."<br />
<br />
Read this press <a href=" http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/11/congo-rapes-g8-soldier" target="_hplink">account </a>and you will learn that it was the FARDC that conducted mass rapes in Minova during the offensive. Review reporting by Al Jazeera and be reminded that Goma was taken with barely a shot fired by the M23 and <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/11/20121120102140544513.html" target="_hplink">no resistance.</a> <br />
<br />
<blockquote> When they [Congolese Army] arrived in Minova they were drunk, hungry and violent. The locals suffered two nightmarish days of looting, rape and murder before the army restored some discipline among its troops. Hundreds of women were raped. It is impossible to accurately state the number of cases as victims often fail to come forward, fearing that their communities and even their husbands will reject them, but hospital director Dr. Ghislain Kassongo said he dealt with well over 100 women with rape-related injuries after the army rampage. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Besides efforts to bury the truth, the United Nations is opening the door to mass burials of African casualties if the potential for regional war is realized. The <a href="http://www.un.org/en/sc/members/" target="_hplink">five permanent members</a>  of the Security Council -- China, France, Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States -- have little to lose, and only two non-permanent members, Morocco and Rwanda, are from Africa.<br />
<br />
M23's political leader Bertrand Bisimwa criticized the resolution as a de facto declaration of war in the face of ongoing peace talks. Instead of "encouraging a political solution by supporting the political negotiations, the UN has chosen to wage war against one of the partners for peace," he said in a <a href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5juSo2uehlBmvISxB9gpSSLOMs9PQ?docId=CNG.978fd54f6a0e70d1dc5973e6fcda0434.3f1" target="_hplink">statement</a>. <br />
<br />
Bisimwa also sent a <a href="http://rabbitsliketrumpets.typepad.com/Lettre%20ouverte%20au%20parlement%20sud-africain.pdf" target="_hplink">direct appeal</a>  to the government of South Africa, offering condolences to families of the members of the South African Army that lost their lives while defending the Central African Republic (CAR), under what is looking more and more like a <a href="http://mg.co.za/article/2013-04-12-00-bozize-zuma-in-backroom-deal " target="_hplink">backroom deal</a> to give South Africa increased influence in the mineral-rich region. <br />
<br />
South Africa officially reported that 13 of its soldiers died fighting rebels that ousted CAR president Fran&ccedil;ois Boziz&eacute;'s regime. "But according to the rebels, as many as 36 South Africans were killed, raising questions over why the soldiers were stationed there and why the South African government would want to cover up the number of deaths," said <em><a href="http://www.france24.com/en/20130404-south-africa-deaths-central-african-republic-mining-oil-anc" target="_hplink">France24</a></em>.  It appears the soldiers were defending South Africa's mining interests. Eastern Congo is rich in minerals that western nations desperately need for the communications and defense industries.<br />
<br />
Analyst <a href="http://andrewmwendasblog.blogspot.com/" target="_hplink">Andrew Mwenda</a> of Uganda's <em>Independent </em>outlines the African perspective and the very real <a href="http://www.independent.co.ug/cover-story/7583-how-dr-congo-conflict-could-ignite-regional-war" target="_hplink">prospects for regional war</a> in this situation. He details the surreal surrender of Bosco Ntaganda to the American embassy, an event that flew in the face of all international press accounts that had firmly tied the warlord to the M23. In reality, it was the M23 under U.S. and UN <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20325993" target="_hplink">sanctioned</a> Sultani Makenga who delivered Ntaganda to the International Criminal Court by way of the U.S. embassy in Rwanda after Ntaganda was roundly defeated by M23 forces in Virunga National Park.<br />
<br />
Mwenda rightly ridiculed the international press for their silence in the wake of a development that demolished the contrived narrative known as Conventional Wisdom. This collective and <a href="http://www.independent.co.ug/the-last-word/the-last-word/7602-the-tyranny-of-human-rights-organizations" target="_hplink">false narrative</a>, which blamed Rwanda for all of the ills of the region, was promoted by erstwhile "human rights" organizations and a sloppy and hastily written report by a UN Group of "experts." <br />
<br />
Instead of analyzing its own mistakes, the international press has gone silent. The errors and consequences of malfeasance are too great to admit. Mwenda goes even deeper with his accusations.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>For example, beginning mid last year, the international press (largely western based or managed) has launched a jihad against the government of Kagame in Rwanda. The ammunition for the this jihad is a shoddy and doggy report by a UN "panel of experts" that alleges Rwanda to be training and arming M23 rebels fighting the government of President Joseph Kabila of DR Congo. </blockquote><br />
<br />
In the "<a href="http://www.truthdig.com/report/item/the_hijacking_of_human_rights_20130407/" target="_hplink">Hijacking of Human Rights</a>," Chris Hedges exposes the underbelly of so-called human rights organizations that are in reality "propagandists for pre-emptive war and apologists for empire."<br />
<br />
<blockquote> The current business of human rights means human rights for some and not for others. Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, Physicians for Human Rights, the Peace Alliance, and Citizens for Global Solutions are all guilty of buying into the false creed that U.S. military force can be deployed to promote human rights. None of these groups stood up to oppose the invasion of Iraq or Afghanistan, as if pre-emptive war is not one of the grossest violations of human rights. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Human Rights Watch is the principal drumbeater for a proxy war in the Great Lakes region. The first world members of the Security Council have decided to send African brother against African brother to do the dirty work in the name of a deceptive "human rights" agenda.<br />
<br />
As Hedges writes:<br />
<br />
<blockquote> The creed of "humanitarian intervention" means, for many, shedding tears over the "right" victims. Its supporters lobby for the victims in Darfur and ignore the victims in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen and Gaza. They denounce the savagery of the Taliban but ignore the savagery we employ in our offshore penal colonies or our drone-infested war zones. They decry the enslavement of girls in brothels in India or Thailand but not the slavery of workers in our produce fields or our prisons. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Hedges might have added to his analysis that in the world of Human Rights Watch (HRW), the "right" victims are not the ethnic Tutsis who have suffered genocide and annihilation for decades. The gospel according to HRW has it completely wrong.<br />
<br />
Mwenda's article cautions "that fighting a counter insurgency in a country that is densely forested, with a bad terrain, and speaking a language alien to the imported brigades is complete folly." <br />
<br />
The M23 knows every nook and cranny in eastern DRC and has an overwhelming tactical advantage. They defeated the Congolese Army on its own turf. When the Tanzanians and South Africans are defeated by the M23, as they most certainly will be, the narrative will likely morph back to the previous narrative that Rwanda is behind it all.<br />
<br />
Perhaps this is why Rwanda, as a temporary member of the Security Council, surprisingly signed onto Resolution 2098. The blaming took its toll on the tiny country still struggling to recover from the events of April 1994.<br />
<br />
The press and "human rights" groups will embrace the western perpetrators of violence initiated under a false narrative that serves the oppressive government of DRC and exploitive international interests, rather that remembering, as Hedges says, "that human rights mean defending all who are vulnerable, persecuted and unjustly despised."<br />
<br />
Where is the outcry from "human rights" groups on behalf of the more than 3,000 Africans about to be sacrificed by the UN Security Council for western interests?<br />
<br />
The UN has effectively authorized a massacre from the safety of a New York City skyscraper. <br />
<br />
History repeats and repeats. <br />
<br />
On April 14, 1994, the <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/714025.stm " target="_hplink">United Nations stood by</a> with the tacit support of the Clinton administration as Rwanda descended into the third circle of hell and up to one million ethnic Tutsis were murdered by the militia now operating as the FDLR in eastern DRC. The Congolese army and the United Nations have done nothing to eliminate this militia of genocidaires.<br />
<br />
Despite admitting in a 2000 report that "[UN] council members acknowledged its main finding that their governments lacked the political will to stop the massacres," it seems the UN has no real remorse when it comes to sacrificing African lives to political expediency.<br />
<br />
The grim month of April is here once again. Nineteen years ago the world stood by and watched the unthinkable become reality.<br />
<br />
Are we willing to force change? Or are we content with pitting brother against brother in Africa as expendable commodities, while we shed tears over the "right" victims?]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1091488/thumbs/s-UNPLANE-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Reclaiming Sacred Ground in Florida after Ponce de Leon</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/post_4577_b_3020500.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3020500</id>
    <published>2013-04-05T16:36:52-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-06-05T05:12:01-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[In spite of a sordid backstory, the city of St. Augustine pulled out all the stops to mark the "discovery" of Florida, beginning with a reenactment of the Spaniard's landing at the Castillo de San Marcos National Monument.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[This week, Florida celebrated the landing of Juan Ponce de Leon on her shores 500 years ago. The conquistador and former shipmate of Christopher Columbus sailed 1400 plus nautical miles from Puerto Rico to claim this "uninhabited" new world for Spain in 1513. He had more gold on his mind, having been wildly successful at subduing the <a href="http://www.yale.edu/gsp/colonial/puerto-rico/ " target="_hplink">Ta&iacute;no </a>indigenous peoples and forcing them into slavery in the mines. For this, de Leon was named Governor and Captain-General of Puerto Rico. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-05-hp_castillo.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-05-hp_castillo.jpg" width="500" height="410" /></center><br />
<center><em><strong>Castillo de San Marcos National Monument and Indigenous Prisoner of War Facility (Photo: G. Nienaber)</strong></em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
In spite of this sordid backstory, the city of St. Augustine pulled out all the stops to mark the "discovery" of Florida, beginning with a reenactment of the Spaniard's landing at the <a href="http://www.nps.gov/casa/historyculture/index.htm" target="_hplink">Castillo de San Marcos National Monument</a>. The mayor of St. Augustine was present for a wreath laying, as was the Mayor of Santerv&aacute;s, Spain, the birthplace of Ponce de Leon. The Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine blessed the event, and cross-carrying acolytes of the Church met the actor who played the Spanish conquistador. The Bishop also blessed a new baptismal font at the cathedral; a replica of the font that baptized Ponce de Leon. Meanwhile, the <a href="http://www.heraldtribune.com/article/20130329/article/130329568?p=2&amp;tc=pg&amp;tc=ar" target="_hplink">press was arguing </a>about whether St. Augustine was "the" official landing site, or whether Melbourne beach deserved bragging rights.<br />
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Attorney Chase Iron Eyes of Last Real Indians issued a video statement in support of indigenous rights and in condemnation of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requerimiento" target="_hplink">Spanish Requerimiento</a>, a document that was read by Spanish military invaders to indigenous people as a declaration of war and sovereignty. God was ruler over the earth, and Spain was hell-bent, through papal authority, to take the Americas for Spain.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/C2tztLYi3yQ" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
Still, 200,000 voices were missing at the festivities. <br />
<br />
While a few hundred tourists whipped out iPhones, and cannons boomed from the ramparts of the Castillo, dolphins jumped and sang in the bay--dolphins that are descendants of the same dolphins revered by the Timucua people who welcomed Ponce de Leon to their shores. <br />
<br />
Florida was not uninhabited in 1513.  But the presence of 200,000 Timucua over 19,000 square miles presented a problem for the Europeans, especially conquistadors who followed Ponce de Leon. In 1539, Hernando de Soto entered Timucua territory and the stories of <a href="http://www.nps.gov/casa/historyculture/timucua.htm" target="_hplink">raping</a>, murder and slavery can't be found in the local tourist guides. By 1595 only 50,000 Timucua remained, and in 1700 the ancient civilization was reduced to 1000.  British colonists managed to wipe them out by the middle of the nineteenth century. <br />
<br />
Extinction finally embraced the Timucua. <br />
<br />
But what is extinction? Can you eradicate memory? Can you pave over sacred ground and declare it no longer exists? Can the Timucua experience a resurrection in this Christian season of Easter?<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-05-hp_sunrise.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-05-hp_sunrise.jpg" width="500" height="331" /></center><br />
<center><strong><em>Bearing witness for the Timucua at sunrise at Castillo de San Marcos National Monument (Photo: G. Nienaber)</em></strong></center><br />
<br />
<br />
A local man, Casey Leydon, realized the Timucua would have no voice in the official celebrations of the history of Florida, so he decided to do something about it. It only takes one person to launch an idea and you can't kill ideas. An idea can never face extinction. Why not mark this day as the end of 500 years of genocide of indigenous people, and rededicate the Castillo as an International Native American Memorial? April 2 could become a day of healing and atonement.  Put the call out there and see who shows up. There might be only one or two, but like the indigenous scouts, one or two can signal the advance of a multitude. So he started a <a href="https://www.facebook.com/4inam?fref=ts" target="_hplink">Facebook page</a>, wrote some articles, and immediately got over 1000 followers. <br />
<br />
Suggest it, and they might come.<br />
<br />
Having a colorful past for "criminal mischief" due to an <a href="http://staugustine.com/stories/061104/new_2383040.shtml" target="_hplink">arrest for a graffiti episode</a>, it was doubtful whether Leydon would get a permit for his dedication ceremonies. But sometimes an idea takes hold in spite of all opposition-- in spite of attempts to murder the truth and whitewash history. <br />
<br />
Rangers from the National Park Service unexpectedly showed up on Leydon's doorstep in St. Augustine and gave him a permit for his day of healing at the Castillo de San Marcos, and its rededication, in spirit, as a memorial. One of the Rangers was a woman who has worked extensively with indigenous people throughout the National Park System. She doesn't want her name used, but she offered empathy for the pain and suffering caused by the destruction of sacred sites.<br />
<br />
This female Ranger showed up at sunrise near the Castillo and literally presented an outstretched hand to those trying to scramble up and over the seawall. Friendly and open, this representative of government authority spent the better part of an hour listening and describing her own experiences in the great western parks of the United States. Then, putting sunglasses firmly in front of her eyes, perhaps to hide her soul, she stiffened her spine and warned the few who were gathered that any mischief would result in consequences--from her. Authority had returned, but it was authority tempered with wisdom and understanding.<br />
<br />
It only takes one scout.<br />
 <br />
Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States and it rests on sacred ground. Its coral walls were built with indigenous slave labor, and after Spain ceded Florida to the United States, the fort was used as a prison for indigenous people, including the Seminole, Cheyenne and Geronimo's <a href="http://www.chiricahua-apache.com/" target="_hplink">Chiricahua Apache</a>. <br />
<br />
A tourist book, <em><a href="http://www.augustine.com/history/old-st-augustine/castillo-apache.php#marker1" target="_hplink">Stories of Old St. Augustine</a></em>, describes the Castillo as "a gathering point" for 500 Apaches who had "been making life miserable for the settlers in Arizona," and had been "removed by the U.S. Army to a place where they could be "watched and kept from doing any more damage." <br />
<br />
Life was swell at the prison camp, and "each Indian family had its own tent and the women managed quite well at keeping house." Prepared in 2005 by a former editor in the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress, the "history" of St. Augustine might need some revision as an educational document. <br />
<br />
This video offers a more realistic assessment of life for the people held as prisoners of war in their own homelands, and is currently on view at the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington DC. There are also photos of  Apache at the Castillo.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe src="http://blip.tv/play/AbbYQQI.html?p=1" width="550" height="443" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://a.blip.tv/api.swf#AbbYQQI" style="display:none"></embed></center><br />
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Healing from this will take more than determination, it will take magic.<br />
<br />
Leydon maintains that the dolphins that gather at sunrise near the bay front wall at the Castillo remember the songs sung by the Timucua. Is this magical thinking? There is no empirical evidence that dolphins sing songs acquired through memory. There is also no evidence that they do not. As the human mind has evolved, so has science. What we imagine often turns out to have a basis in science.<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/science/in-andalusia-searching-for-inherited-memories.html?pagewanted=all&amp;_r=0" target="_hplink"> Genetic memory</a> and to a lesser extent,<a href="http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/memory.html" target="_hplink"> water memory</a>, are becoming mainstream concepts. <br />
<br />
What is certain is that the land under the Castillo was sacred ground in 1513 and sacred ground is the spiritual right of indigenous cultures. It cannot be legislated into oblivion by governments or tourism councils. <br />
<br />
Native American author, scholar and orator, Winona LaDuke discusses this concept in  <em>Recovering the Sacred</em>.<br />
<br />
<blockquote> In the end there is no absence of irony: the integrity of what is sacred to Native Americans will be determined by the government that has been responsible for doing everything in its power to destroy native American cultures. </blockquote><br />
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But is this the end game? Is it possible that bearing witness to the sacred produces miracles?<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-04-05-_new.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-04-05-_new.jpg" width="500" height="385" /></center><br />
<center><em><strong>Questioning the Past (Photo: G. Nienaber)</strong></em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
I don't know. What I do know is that Leydon's vision drew a park ranger, healers, activists and a possibly a pod of dolphins to a forgotten sacred site. A woman dream healer brought prayers, and some activists with anger issues presented anger and street theatre for the television cameras. Anger is easy to generate, healing takes more thought and effort.<br />
<br />
Curiosity drew a young white girl who was at the city's celebration with her mother. She approached one of the protesters and said she was aware of what had happened to the indigenous people and did not even want to come to the event. It made her "sad."<br />
<br />
It only takes one scout.]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Surrender of Warlord Ntaganda Will Not Change Life for Millions of Congolese</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/surrender-of-warlord_b_2945436.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.2945436</id>
    <published>2013-03-25T11:31:34-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-05-25T05:12:01-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Discontent and violence is everywhere in Congo, but the narrative is extremely complicated, the demands and the names of militias require spreadsheets to understand, and no reporters want to venture deep into rebel territories to investigate the unrest.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[When Congolese General and wanted warlord <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/23/world/africa/war-crimes-suspect-bosco-ntaganda-leaves-congo-for-the-hague.html?_r=0" target="_hplink">Bosco Ntaganda</a> walked into the embassy of the United States in Kigali, Rwanda, surrendered, and asked to be transferred to the International Criminal Court for trial, a convenient media narrative was fulfilled. Over the past year, a simplistic storyline was developed and nurtured by the press, suggesting Ntaganda was responsible for the bulk of the unrest in Congo and that his elimination would provide a pathway to peace in the region. The international community is making a grievous mistake if they buy into this false narrative and believe that the indictment and removal of the renegade Ntaganda will solve the crisis of eastern Congo. The solution depends on the willingness of the President of Congo, Joseph Kabila, to negotiate a peace based on the demands of the M23 rebel movement that broke with Ntaganda in April 2012, defeated his forces, and drove him to seek sanctuary in the U.S. embassy. They still remain at the bargaining table with International Conference of the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) in Kampala, Uganda; hammering out the neglected details of the<a href="http://www.iccwomen.org/publications/Peace_Agreement_between_the_Government_and_the_CNDP.pdf" target="_hplink"> Goma Peace Accord</a>, signed by Kabila in 2009 with the former CNDP/M23 rebels. <a href="http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/769018.shtml#.UU9SylvErB4 " target="_hplink">Bertrand Bisimwa </a>has taken over the leadership of M23 from former spokesman Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero who was ousted from the M23 by its military leadership under <a href="http://www.voanews.com/content/drc-rebels-replace-leader_runiga/1612358.html" target="_hplink">charges of treason</a>.<br />
<br />
And so, the crisis in Congo continues, despite <a href="http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/03/206556.htm" target="_hplink">remarks</a> by Secretary of State John Kerry that the delivery of Ntaganda to the ICC in The Hague will "contribute" to the goal of "restoration of civil order, justice, and accountability." The sad and irrefutable fact remains that Ntaganda's departure will do nothing to solve the unrest, the displacement of tens of thousand of civilians, the rapes, the murders and the recruitment of child soldiers by the dozens of militias still roaming Congo. There are also the under-reported <a href="http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/03/10/292766/no-impunity-for-army-rapists-congo-says/" target="_hplink">rapes and abuses</a> committed by the Congolese Army (FARDC). Two Congolese army battalions participated in at least 126 rapes as the FARDC soldiers fled an M23 onslaught on Goma in November 2012. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-03-24-RepubliqueDemocratiqueduCongoReferenceMapCarteadministrativeOctobre2011.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-03-24-RepubliqueDemocratiqueduCongoReferenceMapCarteadministrativeOctobre2011.jpg" width="500" height="707" /></center><br />
<center><em>Map supplied by OCHA pressroom</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
There is another militia in Katanga Province (see map) that has been virtually ignored. Ironically, while "The Terminator" Ntaganda was waiting for transfer to the ICC, <a href="http://radiookapi.net/actualite/2013/03/24/lubumbashi-les-rebelles-bakata-katanga-transferes-kinshasa/" target="_hplink">Radio Okapi reported</a> that the militia group Kata Katanga (Swahili for "cut out Katanga") overran the UN compound in Lubumbashi, the capitol of mineral-rich Katanga province. Radio Okapi said 450 militia and family members from the rebel group, which advocates secession of the mineral rich province from Congo, entered the city shooting. <br />
<br />
Discontent and violence is everywhere in Congo, but the narrative is extremely complicated, the demands and the names of militias require spreadsheets to understand, and no reporters want to venture deep into rebel territories to investigate the unrest.<br />
<br />
Some stories do surface, but they are not widely reported.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://radiookapi.net/actualite/2013/03/20/le-nombre-de-deplaces-augmente-au-nord-kivu-apres-les-derniers-combats/" target="_hplink">Rutshuru and Walikale</a> in Nord-Kivu Province have experienced huge population displacements, murders, rapes and executions. On March 19, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported that 810,000 displaced people have fled the violence. These are the registered numbers. In Walikale serious tensions arose following the arrests of a rebel militia, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&amp;ei=VK9PUeKFI5Lm9gTjnIFA&amp;hl=en&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3DRa%25C3%25AFa%2BMutomboki%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff&amp;rurl=translate.google.com&amp;sl=fr&amp;u=http://radiookapi.net/actualite/2013/02/16/maniema-des-miliciens-raia-mutomboki-occupent-la-cite-de-punia/&amp;usg=ALkJrhiPpKdsFmQSn-rP0pKCCLZe0Jz3kA" target="_hplink">Ra&iuml;a Mutomboki</a>, by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (FARDC).  This led to clashes in Nyamilingi and Lowa on March 15.<br />
<br />
In the Nord-Kivu town of <a href="https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/DRC/Kitchanga-English-FINAL.pdf" target="_hplink">Kitchanga</a>, fighting between FARDC and the armed group Alliance of Patriots for a Free and Sovereign Congo (APCLS) has caused civilian deaths, wounded hundreds, and 5,000 people have pitched tents around a UN peacekeeping base. Humanitarian warehouses were burned, medical facilities damaged, and the town's water supply compromised.<br />
<br />
Nord-Kivu's displaced represent only one third of the displaced population in DRC, estimated at <a href="http://www.unocha.org/aggregator/categories/6" target="_hplink">2.6 million in January 2013</a>, according to OCHA. <br />
<br />
In Maniema Province, access routes between the territories of Punia and Shabunda were demolished by armed groups, OCHA reported on March 20. Harrassment, looting, and extortion by unnamed armed groups continues in Punia. Forty-five thousand people remain in need of assistance. <br />
<br />
Equateur Province reports an influx of 22,184 refugees from fighting in the Central African Republic, and sectarian tensions persist in the Territory of Bosobolo.<br />
<br />
Examining the map provided by OCHA, and noting the relatively small geography affected by the M23 rebellion near Goma, it clearly comes into focus that there is a failure of leadership and authority in Kinshasa.<br />
<br />
There is also the "elephant in the room," meaning the presence of the FDLR genocidaires in Congo, and the seeming inability or lack of resolve on the part of the government of Congo and United Nations forces (MONUSCO) to do anything about it.<br />
<br />
A <a href="http://travesty-of-hrw-on-rwanda.blogspot.ch/" target="_hplink">report</a> is now available on the Internet that is absolutely essential reading for anyone who wants to fully understand what has happened since the 1994 Rwandan genocide that was perpetrated by elements of the FDLR now enjoying sanctuary in Congo. Richard Johnson, a former Foreign Service Officer with the U.S. Department of State from 1979 to 2002, specializing in Russian, East European and North African affairs, wrote the extensive document. <br />
<br />
This report details the "de facto safe havens in many parts of Africa, Europe and North America, and extensive material, political and moral support from a range of UN agencies and Western officials, churches, NGOs, and intellectuals" for the FDLR.  Johnson makes a cogent argument through a thorough historical and political analysis of the region, that  "politically expedient denial and trivialization of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi has been a pervasive phenomenon in the West for the past 18 years, particularly but not only among the French political elite, Christian Democratic and Catholic Church circles, and a range of Belgian and Dutch NGOs."<br />
<br />
Unless and until inattention by the government of Congo, genocide deniers, special mining interests, and the willful paternalistic ignorance of African history by western interlopers supported by the international press are exposed completely and eradicated, the ICC and the Hague can offer sanctuary to generations of warlords and nothing, absolutely nothing, will change for the exploited people of Congo.]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1051332/thumbs/s-BOSCO-NTAGANDA-IN-CUSTODY-AT-ICC-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Reflections on Dressage and Dancing With Horses in Florida</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/reflections-on-dressage-and-dancing-horses_b_2869369.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.2869369</id>
    <published>2013-03-15T18:17:37-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-05-15T05:12:01-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[During the last presidential election cycle dressage took a hammering from liberal pundits who circled like jackals around Ann Romney and her Olympic contender, Rafalca. It was heartbreaking  to witness such vicious assaults on a sport that offers so much joy to riders from all walks of life.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[I had not seen my equestrienne friend for over five years when I found out she was hauling a new horse from Texas to Wellington, Florida -- only a three-hour drive from my winter lair on the Gulf. For the uninitiated, tony, upscale Wellington is the center of the universe for horse competition during winter months in the United States.  From January through March, the <a href="http://www.palmbeachfl.com/events/event-detail?id=47" target="_hplink">FTI Winter Equestrian Festival</a> at the Palm Beach Equestrian Center hosts world-class jumping and dressage events on 140 acres of some of the best horse facilities in the world. Olympic riders and amateurs rub shoulders, but not necessarily in the same competition classes. <br />
<br />
My friend and I had met almost twenty years ago when I was looking for a home and good trainer for an upper level dressage horse. "Prince Charming" found the perfect home with her, and together they have knocked on the doors of some of the most prestigious competitions in the United States. Talent and determination aside, they did not quite make it to the level of conquering the PhD of dressage horse tests, the Grand Prix. <br />
<br />
Anyone who followed the last presidential election cycle will remember the hammering dressage took from liberal pundits who circled like jackals around the hapless Ann Romney and her Olympic contender, Rafalca. It was easy to make fun of Mrs. Romney. The amount of money it took to get to that level of competition was tailor made for the snide; and without any idea of the amount of training involved, it was child's play to take cheap and merciless shots at the sport. <br />
<br />
Triple Crown racing winners like Secretariat require less training and less discipline, but capture the hearts of Americans hooked on speed, the flash, the made-for-TV moments, and sadly, the danger to horse and rider. Yes, watching dressage can be as tedious as watching paint dry if one does not understand the sport, and the beating heaped on the classical form of training by liberal pundits may have damaged the sport for quite some time to come.<br />
<br />
That is unfair, uninformed and resulted from sophomoric criticism.<br />
<br />
I reflected on fairness as I watched my friend unload this new, untested horse, at the Wellington show grounds. She purchased "Romanov" on a hunch. This horse seemed to remind her of Prince, but with a coiled "something" carried deep inside that could be harnessed creatively or remain explosive. She wasn't sure what the future might bring, but that this horse had a deep soul, there was no doubt. <br />
<br />
Watching the two of them train in the days prior to Romi's debut at <a href="http://www.dressage-academy.com/dressage-prix-st-georges.php" target="_hplink">Prix St. George</a>, the beginning of the quest for the international dressage doctorate of Grand Prix, it was obvious horse and rider had something going. Romi is big at 1300 pounds. But when my friend was schooling him in the finer points of the pirouette and precision lead changes of the Prix St. George test, Romi had a concentration in his eye and an elevation of movement that was spectacular to watch. The rider does not have this vantage point. She relies on the feel of the reins in her hands and the balance and timing of hooves, the bending of the body and that indefinable connection shared by a sensitive rider and a willing horse. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-03-13-flyingchange.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-03-13-flyingchange.jpg" width="500" height="362" /></center><br />
<center> <em>Donna Meyer and Romanov Executing the Flying Change: Photo: G. Nienaber</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
Watch a dressage horse when it is in the practice ring. The best time is at daybreak, with the mists still rising from the pastures. Warm your hands around a good strong cup of coffee and sit in a chair at the edge of the practice ring. If you are lucky, you will have a big old brown dog curled over your feet. Now close to the action, you realize that in moments of suspension the 1300 pound animal does not make a sound as hooves contact the ground after a leap into a canter. The pirouette barely moves the soil.<br />
<br />
Cruel pundits called Ann Romney's horse a "dancing horse." Knowing nothing about what it takes to accomplish dressage movements, conceited commentators twisted the concept of beauty into mockery. A joke, a smirk, a convenient slap at the lifestyles of the Romney's may be an obscure historical footnote in the 2012 presidential election, but it is also incredibly unfair to a sport which is loved by rich and poor alike.<br />
<br />
It takes more than money to coax a moment of suspension from an animal that is born and bred to be earthbound. It takes more than privilege to establish connection and a relationship that win a desire to work from the horse.<br />
<br />
This horse that I observed in the early morning Florida mists was so much like our old Prince, now 27 and far past his prime. I watched Romi show a light in his eye that reflected connection, concentration and the desire to work with his rider.<br />
<br />
Whether one is a novice or showing at the <a href="http://www.horsesport.org/" target="_hplink">Federation Equestrian Internationale</a> (FEI) level, the amount of training in terms of time is the same. The difference lies in the ability of the horse to execute movement requiring tremendous amounts of muscle development and innate athletic ability as the levels continue. Horses with that amount of recognized ability cost money. Hundreds of thousands of dollars, unless you get lucky and take a chance on that unique horse that has been overlooked, misunderstood or abandoned because it has not been progressing fast enough. Romi might be that horse.<br />
<br />
Money cannot buy the mind of the horse.<br />
<br />
At my friend's level of participation, there are no sponsors with deep pockets to pay for the transportation, training, show fees and stabling. There is no one to back you up when you are out alone on some godforsaken highway with your precious horse cargo and you blow a tie rod on your ancient diesel truck, or the brakes lock and fail on the trailer. You are completely on your own when drought hits and the costs of hay and feed go through the roof. You have no fancy arena to train in, the footing is terrible, vet bills skyrocket and you are working three jobs to support it all.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-03-13-hp1.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-03-13-hp1.jpg" width="500" height="447" /></center><br />
<center><em>Photo: G. Nienaber</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
Any money you have goes into broken trailer and car parts, or your own broken bones acquired when training green horses. You find yourself approaching 50 years of life on the planet, realizing that your plans could very well turn out to be broken dreams of achievements gone devastatingly unfulfilled.<br />
<br />
My friend bet it all on a journey from Texas to Wellington because she knew Romi had the ability to stand toe to toe with world-class riders and their mounts. And there were many world-class riders in the Prix St. George class at Wellington that day.  Acclaimed international rider <a href="http://savvyequestrian.com/masterequestrian/georgewilliams/" target="_hplink">George Williams</a> placed in the top tier of the test.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2013-03-13-halfpass.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-03-13-halfpass.jpg" width="500" height="358" /></center><br />
<center><em>Donna Meyer and Romanov showing Prix St. George and executing the Half Pass</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
For those inclined to do so, it is easy to look up statistics on exactly how many dressage riders there are in the United States, their relative income levels and levels of performance and expertise. But does it really matter, any more than statistics on bowling, skiing, bronco riding or Canasta for that mater?<br />
<br />
It was heartbreaking, in a political season where pundits were intent on breaking every rule of civility, to witness such vicious assaults on a niche sport that offers so much joy and satisfaction to riders from all walks of life. The little girl in the backwater town in central Minnesota, who has spent months preparing for a dressage Training Level test, has put just as much heart and soul into preparation as the accomplished professional showing Grand Prix at the FEI level at Wellington. <br />
<br />
That child is dancing with her horse, and it is beautiful.]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1040821/thumbs/s-FLYING-CHANGE-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>To Help Congo, Leave It Alone</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/congo-aid_b_2307276.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2307276</id>
    <published>2012-12-23T23:11:02-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-02-22T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Congo is behaving like a child who cannot be comforted. No matter how you hold the baby, the baby cries. No matter how much international help Congo receives, Congo cries for more.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<em>Co-written with Obadias Ndaba, who is a regular commentator on African affairs. Originally from DRC and then Rwanda, he has worked in Rwanda, Kenya and the USA. His articles have appeared in Allafrica, Africa Review and African Executive, among other publications. </em><br />
<br />
"We have to help them!" <br />
<br />
Representative Thomas Marino (R-Penn.) was concluding his questioning at the House Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights <a href="http://www.c-span.org/Events/House-Cmte-Looks-at-Conflict-in-Congo/10737436502/" target="_hplink">oversight hearing</a>. The topic was the violence in eastern Congo. Once again, Congo was under a microscope, and one could argue, for all of the wrong reasons. Marino's final statement offered that he had been to "the continent of Africa" and visited Ghana and Liberia with his daughter, a pre-med student, whom he was quoting. The social and political structures of Ghana and Liberia cannot be compared with Congo any more than Canada can be compared with Mongolia, despite the Congressman's distress. <br />
<br />
<p><center><img alt="2012-12-15-idp2009.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-12-15-idp2009.jpg" width="500" height="332" /></center><br />
<center><em>Mugunga IDP Camp 2009 (Credit: G. Nienaber)</em></center></p><br />
<br />
Congressional hearings are a staple of the Hill. This one lasted for almost three hours and offered four witnesses. The main witness, Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of African Affairs, Johnnie Carson had just returned from an extensive visit to Congo and was <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20121211/us-us-congo/?utm_hp_ref=politics&amp;ir=politics" target="_hplink">repeatedly grilled</a> on allegations of outside influence from Rwanda. The main body of his testimony, that the government of DRC has been unable to offer stability to its people, was ignored. <br />
<br />
The impetus for this week's hearing was the capture of the provincial capital of Goma by the M23 rebel movement. After a few days of a relatively peaceful occupation, the rebels withdrew from the city in return for negotiations with the Congolese government. Anyone who has followed events in Congo over the last decade will recognize a familiar pattern of hang-wringing and cries for help to the international community from the Congo government. The finger-of-blame points everywhere. Rwanda, Uganda, and <a href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/second-reading/peacekeepers-gone-wild-how-much-more-abuse-will-the-un-ignore-in-congo/article4462151/" target="_hplink">sometimes MONUSCO</a>, the UN peacekeeping mission acting as <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/18/world/africa/un-helicopters-strike-rebel-positions-in-congo.html?_r=2&amp;" target="_hplink">de facto army</a>, have been cast as devils -- fiends who are coveting the country's vast resources and destabilizing the region in the process.<br />
<br />
Ambassador Carson's <a href="http://www.state.gov/p/af/rls/rm/2012/202276.htm" target="_hplink">updated statement</a> puts the responsibility where it belongs -- on the back of the Congo government. The following quote reflects Carson's original statement to the committee.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>The November 20 fall of Goma to the M23 rebel group provided a stark reminder that, even as the international community has made major investments in humanitarian aid and peacekeeping, the underlying causes of the recurring conflicts in eastern DRC remain unresolved. The Congolese government has failed to provide effective security, governance, and services in the eastern provinces, and political and economic tensions persist between the DRC and its eastern neighbors, particularly Rwanda. </blockquote><br />
<br />
The recent House hearing is a perfect example of the good will of the American people rushing to comfort a crying and colicky baby. <br />
<br />
There is a "proverb" in eastern Congo -- <em>"Abura uko afatwa nkumwana wahiye mukwaha."</em> <br />
The literal translation is, <em>"He has no way to be held -- like a baby whose armpits have been burned."</em><br />
<br />
Similar to a baby whose armpits are burned, Congo is behaving like a child who cannot be comforted. No matter how you hold the baby, the baby cries. No matter how much international help Congo receives, Congo cries for more.<br />
<br />
A simple narrative has surfaced in media and is fanned by special interest groups formed by the Congolese diaspora. This narrative reduces the conflict to one of "good guys versus bad guys." Americans have been raised on the genre of the Western where "good" and "bad" were literally defined by white and black hats. In this case, the rebels are "bad" and the government troops are "good." <br />
<br />
For anyone who has visited Congo, it is easy to recognize that the Congolese government troops (FARDC) are some of the worst in the world. They are not paid and have little or no food to eat. This contributes to the absolute and complete disintegration of discipline and morality.  Soldiers are drunk and disorderly; harass you at borders and roadblocks -- slashing your luggage with knives if they feel like it or if you don't carry enough cash and cigarettes for bribes. Ambassador Carson touched on this in his testimony. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>The DRC government has the primary responsibility for protecting its territory and all its citizens. We are urging President Kabila to undertake a credible effort to professionalize and reform the Congolese security forces. This will take time, but the Congolese government needs to take clear and bold measures to ensure that its soldiers are professionally trained, adequately paid and supported, and respectful of international human rights norms.  We also find very disturbing, and recognize the need to address, the abuses committed by the Congolese military, including recent reports of rapes and looting in North Kivu.</blockquote> <br />
<br />
<p><center><img alt="2012-12-15-spoilsofwar.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-12-15-spoilsofwar.jpg" width="500" height="375" /></center><br />
<center><em>Spoils of war. Containers abandoned by fleeing Congolese army. (Source: M23/ARC)</em></center></p><br />
<br />
Media, including<em> AlJazeera</em> and <a href="http://world.time.com/2012/11/26/defining-peacekeeping-downward-the-u-n-debacle-in-eastern-congo/" target="_hplink"><em>TIME</em></a> have slowly come around to this realization, with AlJazeera noting the <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/11/20121120102140544513.html" target="_hplink">discipline and order</a> exhibited by M23 as the rebels marched into Goma without any resistance. FARDC fled before them, abandoning weapons, tanks and cargo containers jammed with ammunition. Some of the containers were labeled "UN."  <em>AlJazeera</em> also noted the <a href="http://blogs.aljazeera.com/blog/africa/journey-fear-displaced-congo" target="_hplink">plight of the refugees</a>. "They all tell us the same story; they are angry with the rebels, angry with the Congolese Government and angry with the UN," writes east African correspondent Nazanine Moshiri. <br />
<br />
The International NGO OXFAM <a href="http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bp164-commodities-of-war-drc-protection-201112-en.pdf" target="_hplink">released a new report</a> that indicts FARDC and civilian authorities for abuses. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>Evidence gathered by Oxfam in 2012 shows that government soldiers, armed rebels, police, and civilian authorities are all vying for the right to exploit local communities and extort money or goods from them, pushing people further into poverty and undermining their efforts to earn a living... In areas largely controlled by the state, people reported exploitation, including extortion under threat of violence, by the very state officials who are supposed to protect and support them. </blockquote><br />
<br />
When M23 captured Goma and entered the city with no opposition from either FARDC or MONUSCO, the Congolese government cried foul. Like the crying burned baby in the proverb from eastern Congo, Congo blamed MONUSCO for not taking on the <a href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43530#.UMyc3HPjlRx" target="_hplink">role of the national army</a>, repelling the rebels and protecting civilians. By shielding the government in Kinshasa, the international community is contributing to a dysfunctional society and delaying the end of the conflict.<br />
<br />
After defecting to the M23, FARDC soldier Major Musinguzi <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18969062" target="_hplink">told the <em>BBC</em></a>, "One day we had to fight for four days in the bush with no food. My men fought even though they had nothing to eat. But the Congolese army cannot win a war this way." <br />
<br />
If the M23 is silenced and the government remains weak and corrupt, it will only be a matter of time before another revolutionary rebel entity forms and the cycle of violence begins again. There will be no change in the humanitarian situation, just as there has been no change since the fall of Mobutu whose last words are prophetic. "After me, it will be my ghosts."<br />
<br />
With an estimated <a href="http://www.accuracy.org/release/congo-5-million-dead-calls-for-changing-u-s-policy/" target="_hplink">5 million</a> deaths in recent wars, Congo is halfway to the <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3516965.stm" target="_hplink">record set by King Leopold </a>when half the population, <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/jul/13/humanities.artsandhumanities" target="_hplink">10 million people</a>, perished. <br />
<br />
Still, with a population of 72 million people and resources in excess of <a href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39986#.UMydo3PjlRx" target="_hplink">24 trillion dollars</a>, Congo continues to blame its neighbors for the instability. Neighboring countries cannot possibly be looting all of Congo's vast resources. <br />
<br />
Consider this. Despite its abundance of natural resources and a population ready and willing to work, the UN Human Development Index ranks Congo as the <a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/PR2-HDI-2011HDR-English.pdf" target="_hplink">poorest country on earth</a>. Average income is $300 per year. Of Congo's 153,497 km of roads, only 2,794 km are paved in a country the size of Western Europe. The railways are in limbo, rotting in a post apocalyptic state since the Belgians left.<br />
<br />
The best thing the international community can do, especially the United States, is to stop meddling and propping up an incompetent government. If the international community is serious about fixing Congo once and for all, just leave it alone. Every peaceful and prosperous country owes its existence to a legitimate and responsible government that keeps peace within itself, values its people, and invests in them.<br />
<br />
The interference of the international community is ignoring the sources of the conflict. <br />
<br />
Leave the Congolese people alone, and they will fix the mess. The worst thing the international community can do is to take the well-meaning but misguided advice of Congressman Marino and "help them" by propping up Congo's dysfunctional and incompetent government. This will only delay ending the conflict and the cost will be more human lives.]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Is Rwanda the Victim in a Modern Day Salem Witch Trial?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/rwanda_b_2240023.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2240023</id>
    <published>2012-12-06T11:37:56-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-02-05T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Americans are out of the loop when it comes to rigorous analysis of foreign policy in in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They may be vaguely aware that international opinion has coalesced around a report issued by the United Nations that is critical of Rwanda.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<em>Note: Media is just now reporting on the <a href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hlRGI89rcYq7P5bNqxI2AoU1hvHQ?docId=478bc71bb17840c183110e15389cc73e" target="_hplink">second leaked document</a> discussed in the latter part of this post.<br />
</em><br />
<br />
Americans are out of the loop when it comes to rigorous analysis of foreign policy in in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They may be vaguely aware that international opinion has coalesced around a report issued by the United Nations that is critical of Rwanda. Americans may not realize that the premature leaking of this report has had broad consequences for the region and has influenced media coverage as well as humanitarian aid. Most recently, the United Kingdom decided to <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/11/30/us-britain-rwanda-aid-idUSBRE8AT0K420121130 " target="_hplink">freeze $34 million of aid </a>to Rwanda. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-12-04-genocidememorial.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-12-04-genocidememorial.jpg" width="500" height="332" /></center><br />
<center><em>Genocide Memorial in Rwanda (Credit: G. Nienaber)<br />
</em></center><br />
But Americans don't like to be duped when it comes to the central tenet of the American justice system -- that the accused is innocent until proven guilty. <br />
<br />
Let's offer the thesis that public opinion has been railroaded with respect to Rwanda amid accusations that it is supplying aid to a newly minted and highly successful rebel army in eastern Congo. <br />
<br />
There is no scenario that the American psyche enjoys more than a courtroom drama rife with corrupt prosecutors, judges on the take, compromised witnesses, faked evidence, dishonest snitches, and jury tampering. It is dramatic to entertain the possibility that justice will not necessarily prevail, but Americans abhor a lie in the courtroom.  Look no further than the mesmerizing real life dramas of Casey Anthony and O.J. Simpson. <em>Law and Order: SVU</em>, <em>Criminal Minds, Without a Trace, The Closer, Harry's Law, Cold Case</em> and <em>Columbo</em> are a few of the fictionalized television dramas that come to mind. <br />
<br />
If we want to take American history as a guide into fascination with corruption in the courtroom, there is no more shameful real life drama than the 1692 Salem Witch Trials, which have been part of a national dialogue for over 300 years. <br />
<br />
Consider this <a href="http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/sal_bhat.htm " target="_hplink">exchange</a> during the examination of accused "witch" Bridget Bishop by inquisitor John Hathorne.<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
Hathorne: How do you know that you are not a witch?<br />
Bishop: I do not know what you say. . .I know nothing of it.<br />
Hathorne: Why look you, you are taken now in a flat lye (sic).</blockquote><br />
<br />
A reasonable argument can be made that Rwanda is the victim of a similar witch-hunt in the Security Council of the United Nations. <br />
<br />
Here is a quote from the legal review of the charges leveled against Rwanda. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>A "rush to judgment" in the Group of Expert's reports; insufficient recounting of Rwanda's position; no right of rebuttal in the interim report; and only a limited right of rebuttal in the addenda.</blockquote><br />
<br />
Even the accused "witch," Bridget Bishop, had the right to a rebuttal before being called a liar.<br />
<br />
How would Americans react to the possibility that they have been fed a frenzy of lies, paranoia, and innuendo based upon a leaked report? Is leaking a report comparable to jury tampering? <br />
<br />
A "group of experts" was appointed by the United Nations in much the same manner as was Salem prosecutor John Hathorne.  There is reason to believe that the "group of experts," instead of offering <a href="http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1533/" target="_hplink">counsel to the U.N. Sanctions Committee</a>, assumed the role of judge, jury and executioner by declaring  Rwanda is guilty of supplying arms to a Congolese Rebel Army (M23/CRA). <br />
<br />
The result has been the <a href="http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmintdev/writev/726/uar13.htm" target="_hplink">unfortunate withholding of foreign aid </a>to Rwanda, still recovering from the scars of the 1994 genocide, as well as acute embarrassment for a country that, while still struggling, is one of the biggest success stories in Africa. This is not to say that there are not serious societal problems remaining in Rwanda, but in the particular issue of supplying aid to a foreign army, Rwanda has been the victim of a whispering campaign similar to that endured by the "witches" in the Salem trials. The historical parallels are instructive.<br />
<br />
John Hathorne embodied all that America has come to loathe in a corrupt prosecutor. A local and unremarkable Salem magistrate, Hathorne, was chosen by Governor William Phipps to be a judge in the Salem Trials. While promoting the presumption of guilt rather than innocence, Hathorne inhabited the role of prosecutor rather than that of impartial judge. Hathorne was a true believer in witches and, in his megalomania, thought he knew how to expose them. He was able to encourage the selective perception of witches lurking in every household.<br />
<br />
A master at encouraging the accused to testify beyond their own forced confessions, Hathorne elicited finger-pointing that resulted in a farce of a "trial," where rumor and innuendo became "fact." This increased the number of accusations and resulted in the conviction of 200 "witches" and the execution of 20 on absurd accusations of consorting with the Devil. After Governor Phipps wife was also accused of being a witch, he prohibited further arrests, released many of the accused, and dissolved the special court. There was a lot of recanting by judges and a day of fasting to atone for the profane miscarriage of justice. But it was too late for the dead.<br />
<br />
In an eerie parallel to the current conflict, English rulers William and Mary had started a proxy war with France in the American colonies in 1689. Upstate New York, Nova Scotia and Quebec, were flattened by conflict and refugees poured into neighboring counties and Salem Village. The refugees, or Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) in today's jargon, were a strain on resources and pitted agrarian interests against foreign trade. Land and trade wars erupted, neighbor was pitted against neighbor -- all against the backdrop of a developing frontier and a harsh winter. <br />
<br />
Today, due to the ongoing conflict in Congo, the region is reeling with streams of refugees (IDPS) and the responsibility of maintaining displacement camps for Congolese who cannot or will not go home. Why not go home? They fear persecution by remnants of the genocide army (FDLR) that fled from Rwanda to Congo in 1994 after killing up to one million. The government of Congo, almost 1200 miles away by road in Kinshasa, has shown no ability to care for the refugees. Like the early American frontier, Congo has been plundered and manipulated by foreign interests in search of its mineral and trade wealth. China and the United States are big players.<br />
<br />
The resulting chaos has fostered the emergence of dozens of rebel armies over the years. When the M23 -- now the Congolese Revolutionary Army -- rebel group formed in April 2012, it posed a threat both to the government of Congo and to the United Nations "peacekeeping force," MONUSCO.  MONUSCO has been unable to keep the peace despite a budget allocation of $1.4 billion per year. The threat of a successful rebel army that could possibly topple the government was a greater threat than imaginary Salem witches. The M23 was all too real, and someone had to be blamed.  See TIME Magazine article: <a href="http://world.time.com/2012/11/26/defining-peacekeeping-downward-the-u-n-debacle-in-eastern-congo/" target="_hplink">"The UN Debacle in Eastern Congo."</a><br />
<br />
Simple-minded Puritan villagers in Salem believed the hardships and conflicts permeating daily life were the work of the Devil. The United Nations Group of Experts also had to find a scapegoat, and the scapegoat became Rwanda. <br />
<br />
These reports are filed every year; usually with different authors. Media tends to ignore the bulk of the reports, even though they can be an excellent source of reliable information. The <a href="http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2011/738" target="_hplink">2011 report </a>is recognized as being generally reliable. There are strict guidelines regarding methodology, transparency, verified documentary evidence, and independent verifiable sources. All of these requirements are in question in the <a href="http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2012/843" target="_hplink">2012 report</a>. <br />
<br />
It can be reasonably demonstrated that the accusations present in the 2012 report would never hold up in court. Rwanda hired a law firm to compile a rebuttal and you can read it <a href="http://rabbitsliketrumpets.typepad.com/AkinGumpRwanda%20-%20GoE%20methods.pdf" target="_hplink">here</a>. The most egregious charge against the document  is that its principal coordinator authored a paper in which he demonstrated clear bias in favor of the perpetrators of the Rwandan genocide (FDLR). The <a href=" http://scribd.com/deleted/26242651 " target="_hplink">paper was scrubbed</a> from the Internet when his impartiality was challenged, but you can read it <a href="http://copy.yandex.net/?text=Understanding%20The%20Fdlr%20In%20The%20Dr%20Congo&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.innercitypress.com%2Fhege1underFDLR.pdf&amp;fmode=envelope&amp;lr=109825&amp;mime=pdf&amp;l10n=ru&amp;sign=2c7104725f2425a444783466799f392f&amp;keyno=0" target="_hplink">here</a> on this Russian cache.  <br />
<br />
The repetition of false accusations never makes them true, but if they are repeated long enough and without rebuttal they can morph into "fact." Once the lie or misinformation has been spread, <a href=" http://lilt.ilstu.edu/rrpope/rrpopepwd/articles/perception3.html " target="_hplink">selective perception</a> takes over in the psyche depending on whether one believes the lie. Information is unconsciously filtered through personal bias and first impressions. <br />
<br />
The coordinator of the Group of Experts, Stephen Hege, produced a <a href="http://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/526823/goe-letter-to-unsc-27-nov-2012-copy.pdf" target="_hplink">second leaked report </a> that is a perfect example of using selective perception to spread accusations that are unproven.<br />
<br />
The crux of the second document, dated November 26, 2012, is that rebel soldiers were seen in the captured city of Goma "marching through downtown dressed in a combination of RDF  (Rwanda) and new M23 (rebel) uniforms."<br />
<br />
Anyone can go online and order uniforms, made in China, that match camouflage patterns worn by regional armies. Does that mean if you see a soldier in a <a href="http://camopedia.org/index.php?title=USA " target="_hplink">pattern worn by US military </a>that the United States is supplying the rebel army? <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-12-04-20121121DSC06198.jpeg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-12-04-20121121DSC06198.jpeg" width="511" height="288" /></center><br />
<center><em>Is this U.S. issue? Rwandan? Chinese? (Photo courtesy of M23)</em></center><br />
<br />
A critical analysis will ask why this photo, freely available on the Internet, of the commander of the M23 rebels wearing <a href="http://www.acu.com/" target="_hplink">U.S. patterns</a> was left out of the report. Reason? It does not fit the narrative developed and nurtured by a biased panel. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-12-04-kazaramavianey.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-12-04-kazaramavianey.jpg" width="363" height="500" /></center><br />
<center><em>Colonel Vianney Kazarama, M23/CRA (Photo Permission from M23)</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
Selective perception is evidenced in <a href="http://www.ipisresearch.be/att/20121130_Mapping_Conflict_Motives_M23.pdf " target="_hplink">this document</a> supposedly showing "M23 combatants marching into Goma wearing RDF uniforms." Again anyone can order this pattern from acu.com.<br />
<br />
How can we fight bias, megalomaniacal investigators, and selective perception?<br />
<br />
Perhaps it is time to bring Kyra Sedgwick's Brenda Leigh Johnson (<a href="http://www.tntdrama.com/series/closer/" target="_hplink">The Closer</a>), out of retirement. The Group of Experts would not have a prayer facing her withering questioning.<br />
<br />
<em>Cross-posted at <a href="http://www.opednews.com/articles/Is-Rwanda-the-Victim-in-a-by-Georgianne-Nienabe-121204-443.html" target="_hplink">OPEDNEWS</a></em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/883893/thumbs/s-M23-RWANDA-CONGO-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Dakota 38: Don't Miss This Seasonal Film of Reconciliation and Hope</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/dakota-38a-seasonal-film_b_2195017.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2195017</id>
    <published>2012-11-27T22:14:18-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-27T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Your dream was not a lonely nightmare, but a window into history -- the day after Christmas, Dec. 26, 1862, when President Abraham Lincoln ordered the largest execution in United States history -- the hanging of 38 Dakota (Sioux) men.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<center><img alt="2012-11-27-Dakota1.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-27-Dakota1.jpg" width="500" height="304" /></center><br />
<em><center>Image Courtesy of Smooth Feather Productions</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
Imagine that you have a dream that is so real you cannot chase the images from your mind. In this dream you are riding a horse through the Great Plains of South Dakota. It is one of those dreams that seem to go on forever, and just before you wake up, you find yourself and your horse at a riverbank watching 38 men being hanged. In the instant before the platform snaps open beneath them, the condemned men reach out to each other and lock hands and arms. You discover that no matter what you do, you cannot forget the dream, and as you try to find out more about the imagery, you learn that the events in your dream really happened. Your dream was not a lonely nightmare, but a window into history -- the day after Christmas, Dec. 26, 1862, when President Abraham Lincoln ordered the largest execution in United States history -- the hanging of 38 Dakota (Sioux) men.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Hf3cLT2LwuE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
<em>Dakota 38</em>, produced by Smooth Feather Productions, is an impeccably produced high-definition feature-length film that tells the story of Jim Miller, a Vietnam veteran and spiritual leader, who finally came to believe that his dream was a message from the Creator. Unable to ignore the calling, Miller resolutely determined that he must live his dream and ride his horse east from Lower Brule, S.D. to Mankato, Minn., where the execution took place. Miller was compelled to honor his ancestors and at the same time heal himself. As if in validation of the message, descendants of the Dakota 38 learned of Miller's plan to retrace the 330-mile route revealed in his dream and joined him on a journey through blizzards and incredible physical hardships. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>"When you have dreams, you know when they come from the Creator. As any recovered alcoholic, I made believe that I didn't get it. I tried to put it out of my mind, yet it's one of those dreams that bothers you night and day. We can't blame the wasi'chus [greedy person] anymore. We're doing it to ourselves. We're selling drugs. We're killing our own people. That's what this ride is about, is healing."</blockquote><br />
<br />
In a beautiful example of synchronicity, the dream inspired the man and the man inspired the art of the film. Smooth Feather Productions masterfully presents the 2008 recreation of a man's vision that has now become an annual event. <br />
<br />
<em>Dakota 38</em> is a film rich with imagery and important spiritual teachings. Central to this imagery is the horse. Dakota belief says that the horse represents the sacred six directions, without which healing is impossible.  The front legs are west and north; the back legs, east and south. The head and ears point to the heavens, and the tail anchors all to the earth. In the film, there is a rider-less paint horse. A year after the execution of the 38, Sitting Bull rode on horseback to see the concentration camps in South Dakota. He said that his people were housed worse than animals. Miller believes that Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse were present on the journey to the hanging site, and offered  the paint as their mount.<br />
<br />
Composers Jay McKay and Jay Parrotta spent three years fusing sound and visuals into a cinematic experience that takes the viewer onto the Northern Plains and through a relentless pounding blizzard. Sound has the ability to transport, and the mix of chants, drums and melody is spellbinding. <br />
<br />
<center><iframe src="http://player.vimeo.com/video/17616667?title=0&amp;amp;byline=0&amp;amp;portrait=0&amp;amp;badge=0" width="500" height="281" frameborder="0" webkitAllowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen allowFullScreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
The whinny of the horses, the sounds of their breathing, the wind whispering through the prairie grasses, and the click of cinches tightening brings the viewer deep into the experience and Jim Miller's dream. One can almost smell the sweet sweat of the horses, see the fear and determination in their equine eyes and experience the pain and discomfort of the riders as they push forward with nothing but grit and the kindness of strangers along the way to sustain them. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-27-Dakota2.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-27-Dakota2.jpg" width="354" height="500" /></center><br />
<em><center>Image Courtesy of Smooth Feather Productions</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
But, kindness can be everything. And walking in the practice of kindness is a solid path to healing for a People who have experienced the worst the world has to offer. Peter Lengkeek tells the story of his grandmother wondering about the deep genetic depression that is passed through the generations.<br />
<br />
"There is something that we suffer from," Lengkeek says as a preface to the heartbreaking and gut-wrenching testimony of rider Craig Bullbear fifteen minutes into the movie. Watch it, if you don't have the time to do anything else. <br />
<br />
It is no wonder that trauma permeates life and memory in the world of the Dakota. Consider this passage, highlighted in the movie and taken from the <em>St. Paul Pioneer Press</em> in 1863, one year after the execution of the Dakota 38:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>"The Indian hunting trade, if the game be at all plenty, is likely to prove a profitable investment, during the present fall and winter to our hunters and scouts in the Big Woods, the Commander in Chief, by General Order No.60 having increased the bounty for each top-knot [scalp] of a "bloody heathen" to $200. There is likely to be considerable competition in the trade, and the best shots will carry off the most prizes."</blockquote><br />
<br />
The historical back-story is devastating.<br />
<br />
The Dakota War of 1862, also known as the Sioux Uprising, began along the Minnesota River in southwest Minnesota. It was predicated on treaty violations, forced containment on land too small to support the people, and withholding of promised food and other supplies. In <a href="http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/200209/23_steilm_1862-m/part2.shtml" target="_hplink">a legendary statement</a>, a trader named Andrew Myrick announced that if the Dakota were hungry they could "eat grass." <br />
<br />
On Aug. 17, 1862, one young Dakota with a hunting party of three others killed five settlers.  Battles escalated between settlers and Dakota and finally the U.S. Army. It ended with the surrender of most of the warrior bands and the capture of more than a thousand Dakota, who were interned in jails in Minnesota.  The execution of the Dakota 38 by <a href="http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/dakota/dak_lincoln.html" target="_hplink">order of President Lincoln</a> was the final blow. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>"Ordered that of the Indians and Half-breeds sentenced to be hanged by the military commission, composed of Colonel Crooks, Lt. Colonel Marshall, Captain Grant, Captain Bailey, and Lieutenant Olin, and lately sitting in Minnesota, you cause to be executed on Friday the nineteenth day of December, instant, the following names, to wit [39 names listed by case number of record... The other condemned prisoners you will hold subject to further orders, taking care that they neither escape, nor are subjected to any unlawful violence."  <br />
-- Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States</blockquote> <br />
<br />
As the season of lights, mystery, and sacred observances for Christians approaches, this movie surpasses all of the current holiday fare in a time where wars, conflict, and atrocity dominate the headlines. In an email conversation, producer Silas Hagerty said the film is being offered for free as a "tool for healing and reconciliation."<br />
<br />
This year riders from the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana as well as from the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe in North Dakota have committed once again to the ride.  For the first time riders from the Santee Dakota Tribe in Nebraska and group of Dakotas from Manitoba Canada will also be riding. Elders from several reservations will be transported to be present at the hanging site ceremony in Mankato on Dec. 26, 2012. <br />
<br />
The <a href="http://www.nmai.si.edu/home/" target="_hplink">National Museum of The American Indian</a> in Washington, D.C. is screening <em>Dakota 38</em> daily for the month of December.  Screenings are free to the public and start at 3:30 p.d.. daily.<br />
<br />
<em>Note: I watched <em>Dakota 38</em> streaming on Apple TV, iPhone4s, iPad and iMac desktop. The HD resolution is stunning on all devices.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/851019/thumbs/s-LINCOLN-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Goma Falls and US Condemns Rebels; Ignores FDLR Atrocities</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/goma-falls-and-us-condemn_b_2171522.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2171522</id>
    <published>2012-11-21T14:17:13-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-21T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA["Sake vient de tomber sans coups de feu" (Sake just fell without firing)-MONUSCO contact



M23 outside of Goma (Courtesy...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<em><strong>"Sake vient de tomber sans coups de feu"</strong> (Sake just fell without firing)-MONUSCO contact</em><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="2012-11-21-m23.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-21-m23.jpg" width="500" height="375" /><br />
<em>M23 outside of Goma (Courtesy of M23)</em><br />
<br />
<br />
When the Congolese government on Monday refused to accept an <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20396768 " target="_hplink">ultimatum</a> from the Congolese Revolutionary Army (M23) to open negotiations and accept a buffer zone, Kinshasa opened the door for the fall of the provincial capital of Goma and with it the potential collapse of the government. In spite of a dire narrative of a possible bloodbath at the hands of M23 fighters promoted by international media and human rights groups, the M23 were welcomed "like war heroes," according to an Al Jazeera report posted on YouTube. "There was no armed conflict and the United Nations retreated peacefully."<br />
<center><br />
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/PjdOkerT2Jg" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
The question remains as to why the Congolese government would not negotiate with the rebels and continues to blame Rwanda and Uganda for what amounts to a failed Congolese state. M23 consists of former National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP) soldiers who defected from the Congolese army in April 2012 due to lack of pay and decent living conditions. Salaries, when they were paid, amounted to less than $100 per month for a senior officer. In addition, the tenets of the March 23 <a href="http://www.iccwomen.org/publications/Peace_Agreement_between_the_Government_and_the_CNDP.pdf " target="_hplink">Goma Peace Accord</a> between the Congolese government and the CNDP  have never been fulfilled, and this is the genesis of the current crisis.<br />
<br />
<img alt="2012-11-21-DSC06198.JPG" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-21-DSC06198.JPG" width="511" height="288" /><br />
<em>Photo Courtesy of Congolese Revolutionary Army/M23</em><br />
<br />
While addressing an enthusiastic and supportive crowd at the Goma soccer stadium this morning, M23 spokesman Lt. Col. Vianney Kazarama of the M23 vowed to push on to Bukavu and Kinshasha and overthrow the government. The <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-20427682" target="_hplink">BBC reports</a> that Karazama asked,  "Do you want us to march to Kinshasa?" The crowd shouted back: "Yes!"<br />
<br />
Meanwhile 2,000 former Congolese soldiers (FARDC) registered with the rebels, as well as 700 provincial police. Their main concern? They want to be paid. See the following video clip from earlier today.<br />
<br />
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/3PNOmW22PiI" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><br />
<br />
The people of Goma and the dispossessed of eastern Congo are weary of conflict and feel abandoned by their government. They want protection and rule of law and M23 is offering that tantalizing possibility. See the following Al Jazeera report.<br />
<br />
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/d4n68S74UUk" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><br />
<br />
That is why it is puzzling that US State Department (DOS) spokesperson,Victoria Nuland, issued a <a href="http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/11/200916.htm" target="_hplink">press release</a> condemning the rebels and calling them "an affront to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC and in violation of international law."<br />
<br />
Perhaps it was pressure from the US that caused Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni and Rwandan President Paul Kagame to <a href="http://www.gov.rw/Joint-communique-on-Eastern-DRC" target="_hplink">issue a statement </a>that even if there were "legitimate grievances by the mutinying group known as the M23, they cannot accept expansion of this war or entertain the idea of overthrowing the legitimate government of the DRC or undermining its authority."<br />
<br />
Still, questions remain.<br />
<br />
Where was the condemnation from DOS when a team of police and village youth in Masisi found the body of six women and a baby on Friday, November 3? The victims were killed with machetes while in search of food for their families. Nyatura Hutu fighters, allies of remnants of the 1994 genocidaires (FDLR) were singled out in this massacre, <a href="  http://radiookapi.net/actualite/2012/11/04/nord-kivu-les-miliciens-nyatura-accuses-de-lassassinat-de-7-personnes-larme-blanche-masisi/" target="_hplink">Radio Okapi reported</a>.  <br />
<br />
M23 has been fighting against the FDLR since the days of its incarnation as the CNDP.<br />
<br />
Where was the condemnation from DOS when MONUSCO (UN in Congo) issued a separate <a href="http://monusco.unmissions.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=P7uLFlDLDf0%3d&amp;tabid=10662&amp;language=en-USA" target="_hplink">press release</a> revealing that 264 civilians, including 83 children, were arbitrarily executed by armed groups in Masisi between April and September 2012?<br />
<br />
"Many victims were hacked to death with machetes while others were burnt alive in their homes. The opposing Nyatura group was found to be responsible for other human rights violations, including killings, sometimes carried out in collaboration with the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). <br />
<br />
Where was the outrage from DOS one year ago when seven people were killed on December 19, 2011 in the town of Bukumbirwa in Walikale territory? Village leaders told <a href="http://radiookapi.net/actualite/2011/12/19/insecurite-walikale-7-personnes-tuees-par-des-presumees-fdlr/" target="_hplink">Radio Okapi</a> the murders were committed by rebels of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) in retaliation against the death of Colonel Sadiki, an FDLR officer murdered by a Congolese militia last November.  <br />
<br />
Where was DOS when the leaders of Walikale <a href="http://rabbitsliketrumpets.typepad.com/SG%20NU_walikale.pdf  " target="_hplink">called for help</a>  when the FDLR put 49 citizens on an assassination list? The list included cultural leaders, chiefs, local government officials, businessmen and women, and political leaders. Leaders said that when the people of Walikale asked for help from the Kabila government in Kinshasa, "Congolese forces (FARDC) arrive and engage in violent and inhumane treatment of the people of Walikale."<br />
<br />
The issue of the FDLR remnants of the 1994 genocide has never been fully addressed by anyone except Rwanda and the M23.<br />
<br />
What is the U.S. interest in siding with the corrupt regime in Kinshasa? Look no further than oil in Virunga and U.S. and United Kingdom <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/may/08/mining-firms-congo-deals" target="_hplink">mining concessions</a> in eastern Congo. <br />
<br />
I saw how villagers lived in CNDP controlled territory in 2009 and it was a complete contrast to what I read in the media. Sometimes you just have to believe your own eyes. <br />
<br />
I am an American first, but I am disheartened and disappointed at the response of the United States.<br />
<br />
In 2009, I received a request from an aide to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. It read, "You seem to know a lot of people on the ground (in eastern Congo)," and went on to ask for suggestions of organizations that Clinton's office could contact. I spent a week organizing contacts to Congolese human rights organizations, midwives, community leaders in the IDP camps, church groups, and others who would offer an accurate narrative. Clinton chose instead a photo-op with President Joseph Kabila and a dog and pony show at Heal Africa.<br />
<br />
Still, upon her return, Clinton issued a hopeful <a href="http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2009a/08/128317.htm " target="_hplink">press release</a> where she indicated she went to Goma to send a clear message, "The United States condemns these attacks (crimes against humanity) and all those who commit them and abet them." <br />
<br />
<img alt="2012-11-21-mugungo.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-21-mugungo.jpg" width="500" height="332" /><br />
<em>Clinton was speaking of the Mugunga Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) Camp (Photo: G. Nienaber)</em><br />
<br />
Since the beginning of 2012, the conflict has uprooted close to 650,000 people in North and South Kivu provinces, <a href="http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e45c366.html" target="_hplink">according to UNHCR</a>. More than 40,000 people have fled to Uganda and 15,000 to Rwanda since April.  <br />
<br />
More than 1.7 million people are IDPs, of whom some 72,000 live in spontaneous camps.  <br />
<br />
The displaced are still there, still waiting. Waiting for a government to offer the rule of law independent of puppet strings that extend outside of Africa.<br />
<br />
The Congolese Revolutionary Army at least offers hope, and you can see that hope in the video clips that are flowing out of Goma.<br />
<br />
<em>Portions of this post <a href="http://www.laprogressive.com/goma-falls/#sthash.HL9QNEck.dpbsl" target="_hplink">cross-posted</a> LAPROGRESSIVE</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/875274/thumbs/s-CONGO-VIOLENCE-GOMA-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Hollywood and Hip Hop Unite to Help Save Lakota Sacred Site</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/hollywood-and-hip-hop-unite_b_2143615.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2143615</id>
    <published>2012-11-16T17:33:00-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-16T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Language, tradition, geography, ethnicity and religion offer the illusion of separation, but experiencing the sacred brings us to the source and commonality of our creation stories. We all live under a dome of stars and hope to find our way home to our individual Creators.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[Hollywood and hip hop have joined forces in a final push to save the Lakota sacred religious site Pe'Sla from the auction block. <a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/09/18/ezra-miller-on-perks-of-being-a-wallflower-being-bisexual-more.html" target="_hplink">Ezra Miller</a>, now starring in <a href="http://perks-of-being-a-wallflower.com/" target="_hplink"><em>The Perks of Being a Wallflower</em></a>, and producer Sol Guy went to South Dakota to meet with Standing Rock tribal member Chase Iron Eyes in early October. The result is a nine-minute documentary that is featured on the Pe'Sla fundraising site, hosted by Last Real Indians. <br />
<br />
Fundraising has come a long way since August, when 1,942.66 acres of privately-held land containing sacred sites was offered for sale in South Dakota. Still, a final deadline of Nov. 30 looms, and the tribes face a $2 million shortfall. Pe'Sla, located in the Black Hills of South Dakota, is the epicenter of the creation story of the Lakota, Dakota and Nakota nations. Tribal elders and spiritual leaders conduct ceremonies essential to their culture and beliefs there. <br />
<br />
The story to save Pe'Sla is a narrative of people coming together to support an idea that the sacred is essential. Private donations raised $388,000 and the Sioux Nation united to contribute $6 million, putting the public auction on hold. People offered pennies to hundreds of dollars as the struggle to protect the holy from development touched hearts around the world.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-16-chase.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-16-chase.jpg" width="500" height="500" /></center><br />
<center><em>Chase Iron Eyes, Ezra Miller and Sol Guy at Crazy Horse Memorial (Photo Courtesy of Chase Iron Eyes)</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
At approximately three minutes into Sol Guy's documentary, Chase Iron Eyes, founder of Last Real Indians, passionately explains what he calls the "powerful narrative" of Pe'Sla. For the first time since the Battle of the Little Big Horn, the great Sioux Nations "have come together." The lesson of Pe'Sla is that there is power in unity and it is time to stop writing about native people as helpless and hopeless. This show of solidarity between the Sioux Nation and people around the word is a vindication of the sacred; a testimony to the tenacity of indigenous people as they struggle to survive in the face of seemingly impossible obstacles.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe src="http://player.vimeo.com/video/53404606" width="600" height="379" frameborder="0" webkitAllowFullScreen mozallowfullscreen allowFullScreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In a statement introducing the documentary on the fundraising site, Chase Iron Eyes explains that the story to save Pe'Sla has meaning that goes far beyond the money.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>"It is not the amount of money that all you have donated that moves us to the core, it is the compassion that you have shown that proves to everyone that humanity still exists and that we humans should not live as though we are greater than the earth. When the descendants of great visionaries such as Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse rose up to protect what Creator had made for them, the world responded. The Sioux people and their coming generations are forever grateful for your caring energy."</blockquote><br />
<br />
Still, money is what it will take. "Tribes representing the poorest counties in the United States with 80 percent unemployment, have pooled their strained resources to buy back stolen, sacred land," Chase Iron Eyes says. Thirteen-thousand dollars of the $1 million fundraising goal is on the books with 15 days left.<br />
<br />
The goal is tantalizingly close and perhaps the Ezra Miller/Sol Guy documentary will help. <br />
<br />
Take the time to view the documentary short. Ezra Miller is more observer than narrator, and in that role he embodies what many of us "outsiders" experience. He comes to learn, and as the documentary unfolds, Miller's presence is almost ghostly. He embodies the "wallflower" in all of us as we struggle to understand and to help where we can.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-16-peslahuff.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-16-peslahuff.jpg" width="500" height="333" /></center><br />
<em><center>Sol Guy, Chase Iron Eyes and Ezra Miller at Pe'Sla  (Photo Courtesy of Chase Iron Eyes)</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
As Miller's journey to Pe'Sla is revealed, a transformation occurs. Initially you see him, hands in pockets, head bowed and listening while Guy and Chase Iron Eyes dominate the narration. <br />
<br />
At six minutes in, Miller reflects on how Pe'Sla is a story of unity of purpose.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>"I came out here with the intention of being an observer and feeling like it was a great opportunity and feeling privileged to be welcomed. But, I felt kind of removed from the story. Now, it's fairly clear to me that no one is removed from the story. We are all inherently involved."</blockquote><br />
<br />
Every year the Lakota follow the stars to Pe'Sla to perform ceremonies to benefit humanity.<br />
<br />
Language, tradition, geography, ethnicity and religion offer the illusion of separation, but experiencing the sacred brings us to the source and commonality of our creation stories. We all live under a dome of stars and hope to find our way home to our individual Creators. <br />
<br />
That is the magic of the effort to save Pe'Sla.]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Minnesota Wolf Hunt Desecrates Ojibwe Creation Symbol</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/minnesota-wolf-hunting_b_2112944.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2112944</id>
    <published>2012-11-14T18:37:24-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-14T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Despite lawsuits and public opposition, wolf hunting began in Minnesota on November 3. The dry scientific and legal facts offer fodder for heated discussion, but there is an important story of spiritual and moral imperative that has escaped media attention.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[<em>"If you take the fur of ma'iingan, you take the flesh off my back."</em> -- Robert DesJarlait<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-11-ivy3.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-11-ivy3.jpg" width="500" height="333" /></center><em><center>Duluth Wolf Walk (Credit: Ivy Vainio)</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
The crowd fighting the chilly winds of Lake Superior marched through downtown Duluth, Minnesota to protest the beginning of a controversial wolf-hunting season. Robert DesJarlait carried the Cherish the Children Eagle Staff as he and Niibiwi Misko Makwa lead several hundred supporters for <a href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/10/17/wolf-walk-2012-a-rally-for-wolves-in-minnesota-against-the-upcoming-scheduled-hunt-140570" target="_hplink">Wolf Walk 2012</a>. Designed like a shepherd's staff, the Eagle Staff is a powerful symbol, <a href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2011/11/10/what-is-the-eagle-staff-62479" target="_hplink">representing</a> the stature and honor of a tribe. The honor of the Anishinaabe called them to come to the aid of their brother, the wolf.<br />
<br />
Despite lawsuits and public opposition, wolf hunting began in Minnesota on November 3. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR), with the full support of Minnesota Gov. Mark Dayton (D), offered 6,000 licenses to kill 400 wolves. As of now, <a href="http://www.duluthnewstribune.com/event/article/id/249598/group/homepage/" target="_hplink">109 wolves</a> are dead.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-11-littlehorse.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-11-littlehorse.jpg" width="500" height="333" /></center><center><em>The Little Horse Drum Group performs at WOLF WALK 2012 (Credit: Ivy Vainio)</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
In a <a href="http://static.howlingforwolves.org/Lawsuit+News+Release+HFW+9-18-12.pdf " target="_hplink">lawsuit filed on September 18</a>, the Center for Biological Diversity and the group <a href="http://www.howlingforwolves.org" target="_hplink">Howling for Wolves</a> charged that the DNR failed to provide a formal opportunity for public comment. At issue is the fact that despite wolves being removed from the Federal register of endangered species in January 2012, <a href="http://www.fws.gov/midwest/wolf/stateplans/pdf/mn-wolf-plan-01.pdf " target="_hplink">Minnesota's 2001 wolf management plan</a> requires that wolves not be hunted or trapped for five years after removal from the register. <br />
<br />
The Minnesota state legislature passed a budget bill in 2011 that authorized the DNR to open wolf hunting after a period of public comment. Instead of opening a formal comment period, the department offered an online survey. Seventy-five percent of 7,351 responses opposed the hunt, which has been supported by Minnesota's substantial deer hunting lobby. Opponents say that the deer population is at least one million and that individual wolves kill 15 deer a year, usually sick or compromised individuals. Six thousand deer is an inconsequential amount, considering the total deer population.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/mVPWHImF4OQ" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><center><em>Public Service Announcement by <a href="http://www.howlingforwolves.org" target="_hplink">Howling For Wolves</a><br />
</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
In the end, the Minnesota <a href="http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2012/10/14/regional/minn-wis-wolf-hunt/ " target="_hplink">wolf hunt prevailed</a> despite all court challenges.<br />
<br />
The dry scientific and legal facts offer fodder for heated discussion, but there is an important story of spiritual and moral imperative that has escaped media attention. This sacred story of creation belongs to Native peoples.<a href=" http://www.indianaffairs.state.mn.us/tribes.html " target="_hplink"> In Minnesota</a>, there are seven Anishinaabe (Chippewa, Ojibwe) reservations and four Dakota (Sioux). Understand that tribes retained these "reservations" after ceding original homelands to the United States through treaty agreements. The federal government did not "give" anything to the indigenous people. Most of the land was taken, treaties are under legal challenges, and for that reason, putting values and numbers on "acreage" is meaningless. And here it is where we must begin with the wolf, who is the heart center of the native peoples' creation story.<br />
<br />
The Anishinaabe or Ojibwe creation story teaches that the original man, the Anishinaabeg, was "lonely and asked the Creator for a companion," says <a href="http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2012/11/02/mn-tribes-outlaw-wolf-hunt-protestrs-vow-to-end-it/" target="_hplink">Reyna Crow</a> of the Northwoods Wolf Alliance.<br />
 <br />
The Creator sent Wolf (Ma'iingan) to be the Peoples' companion and brother. Ma'iingan and Anishinaabeg were told to travel together and name everything in nature, including all of the plants and animals. After they did this, they returned to the Creator who told Wolf and Anishinaabeg that he would separate them. From now on they would forever walk apart from each other, but that they would live parallel lives. "WHAT HAPPENS TO ONE WILL ALSO BEFALL THE OTHER," the Creator said.<br />
<br />
The final part of the creation narrative tells the People that Wolf felt badly that his human companions would be lonely without him. So, he gave his descendant, Dog (Animoosh), as a sacred gift. Now Dog is the Peoples' loyal and devoted companion, ensuring that there is no need to walk alone.<br />
<br />
In the course of the brutal settlement of America, both the wolf and indigenous peoples were hunted, slaughtered, hated, and vilified as white culture bled across the tapestry of the land. Indeed, Wolf and the People are still walking parallel lives.<br />
<br />
"If you take the fur of ma'iingan, you take the flesh off my back," says <a href="http://intercontinentalcry.org/author/r-desjarlait/" target="_hplink">Robert DesJarlait</a>, of the Red Lake Ojibwe-Anishinaabe Nation. DesJarlait is a writer, journalist, artist and a member of the University of Minnesota Council of Elders. DesJarlait "signs his works of art with the symbol of a wolf's paw to honor the historic and ancient connection between tribal people and wolves."<br />
<br />
When legalizing the wolf hunt, the DNR did not consider the effect that the death of an alpha male or female might have on the cohesiveness of the pack, nor did scientists consider the fact that wolves mate for life. In fact the "public input" on the wolf hunt has been termed a "public relations exercise" by the DNR and the Democratic Legislature. "The DNR was under considerable pressure from lawmakers, livestock interests, hunting groups and others to get going with the hunt," according to an analysis in <a href="http://www.minnpost.com/earth-journal/2012/09/challenge-dnr-over-wolf-seasons-raises-serious-issues-policymaking" target="_hplink"> <em>Minnpost</em></a>. <br />
<br />
The wolf knows no artificial boundaries or imaginary lines drawn on maps, but "reservation" boundaries are protected by law and may offer sanctuary and protection for at least a part of the threatened wolf population. <br />
<br />
The <a href="http://static.howlingforwolves.org/White+Earth+Reservation+-+Ma%27+iingan+Proclamation.pdf " target="_hplink">White Earth Reservation Tribal Council issued a Proclamation</a> stating that all lands within the exterior boundaries of the White Earth Reservation are now a wolf sanctuary. There will be no hunting, trapping or possession of wolves within the exterior boundaries of the White Earth Reservation by any person, Indian or non-Indian.<br />
<br />
Red Lake Reservation did the same.<br />
<br />
At their September 14 Tribal Council Meeting, the <a href="http://www.redlakednr.org/PDF/RLDNR%20wolf%20press%20release.pdf " target="_hplink">Red Lake Tribal Council voted to designate </a>over 843,000 acres in eight Minnesota Counties as a "wolf sanctuary," where tribal laws supersede state laws and management. <br />
<br />
<blockquote>The wolf represents a "minor" Clan of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa and the importance of wolves in Chippewa culture is highlighted in legends and oral history. Tribal Spiritual leaders and elders speak of the parallel fates of wolves and native people. Many believe that if wolves prosper, the people of Red Lake will prosper, and if wolf populations suffer, so will the Red Lake Nation. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Another component of this story is the lack of empathy for native populations. This deficiency is not new, but the wolf hunt brings this omission of respect for cultural history and significance to our attention. How is it possible that white lawmakers still do not work with indigenous peoples to help them recover from a brutal history by, at the very least, recognizing the sacred? The wolf hunt represents yet another theft of indigenous heritage and is a slap in the face to indigenous identity.<br />
<br />
While trying to find the path to this narrative, I consulted with Nellis Kennedy-Howard, a friend and former contact at <a href="http://honorearth.org" target="_hplink">Honor the Earth</a>. My question to her was, "What is the most important idea I can communicate?" Nellis was quick and firm in her reply:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>For Native peoples, I can honestly say the need to highlight our voice. Ever heard of <a href="http://newmexicoindependent.com/31989/31989" target="_hplink">Church Rock</a> uranium spill? No? How about Three Mile Island? Church Rock spill is this country's largest radioactive spill but no one heard about it. Why? Because it was on Indian land. Native peoples constantly have our voices silenced and our issues are not heard. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Nellis nailed it. The issue is not ignorance, but silence on the part of those that know the truth. And, all of us who have the power and the platform to tell these stories need to step up to the plate more often and with more compassion.<br />
<br />
Perhaps the story of the wolf hunt is a sad beginning offering hope for a change in attitudes. One could ask the metaphysical question about the ultimate sacrifice of Wolf. The empathetic person might connect the sacrifice of Wolf to the Christian creation story -- one brother sacrificing everything for the other. <br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-11-stop.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-11-stop.jpg" width="500" height="185" /></center><em><center> The travesty of the leg hold trap (Graphic by permission from Howling For Wolves)</center></em><br />
<br />
<br />
The challenge is to nurture compassion for all of creation. Does sport hunting in the guise of "management" make any sense at all when there are 3,000 wolves in Minnesota, recognizing that when they are eliminated below a population of 1,600 the killing will stop only to begin again when populations rise?   <br />
<br />
The harsh reality is that it is legal to hunt the wolf in Minnesota and this includes trapping in steel-jawed leg holds and using bait to lure wolves to the traps beginning November 24. <br />
<br />
Ask yourselves: Is any part of this hunt moral, ethical, humane or steeped in empathy for indigenous peoples? If the answer is "no," then act.<br />
<br />
<em>This post has been modified from an earlier published version.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/780688/thumbs/s-WOLVES-ROCKY-MOUNTAIN-NATIONAL-PARK-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Haiti Should File for Divorce From &quot;US&quot;</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/haiti-hurricane-us_b_2061798.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2061798</id>
    <published>2012-11-03T12:46:18-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-03T05:12:02-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[A recent Facebook page post shamed me completely. My good friend did not intend to do so. Knowing that I had spent almost...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[A recent Facebook page post shamed me completely. My good friend did not intend to do so. Knowing that I had spent almost two years writing about the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, she wanted me to recognize that the devastation in Haiti caused by Hurricane Sandy was being ignored. In a gentle nudge, she mentioned me in a comment that flagged a <a href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=375925785823453&amp;set=a.119791638103537.28779.117905868292114&amp;type=1&amp;theater" target="_hplink">photo of two women</a>, chest and waist deep, struggling in floodwaters in the Caribbean.  My shame found its genesis in the fact that I had written nothing in the past eight months. Call it disaster fatigue. Call it laziness. The writer had abandoned Haiti, and the conscious realization was humbling, humiliating, and embarrassing.<br />
<br />
Americans have loved Haiti to death. We are listless, lazy, cheating lovers who don't have the stamina to go the distance in a relationship. Haiti is just too much work.  <br />
<br />
We don't stand up for her and hold USAID <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/view/2012/01/03-2" target="_hplink">accountable</a> for tax dollars that have accomplished very little in infrastructure reconstruction. <a href="http://www.haitilibre.com/article-7047-haiti-humanitaire-les-etats-unis-aux-cotes-d-haiti-apres-le-passage-de-sandy.html" target="_hplink">Reports of US pre-hurricane relief</a> are reminiscent of post earthquake relief. Before Sandy hit, USAID staged 10,000 tarpaulins, hygiene kits and wheelbarrows. 50 tons of food was pre-positioned in the south to address food insecurity for 15 days. Cholera looms and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided 2,500 units of Ringer Lactate solution for treatment of dehydration and debilitating diarrhea.<br />
<br />
How about trading lactated ringers for toilets, clean water, housing and compensation for the introduction of cholera by the United Nations?<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-02-20110419lookingdownstream.jpeg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-02-20110419lookingdownstream.jpeg" width="499" height="334" /></center><br />
<center><em>Epicenter of the outbreak outside the UN compound Photo: Georgianne Nienaber</em></center><br />
<br />
We stood by and allowed the United Nations to get away with murder-by-cholera proxy and accepted their <a href="http://www.un.org/News/dh/infocus/haiti/UN-cholera-report-final.pdf " target="_hplink">denial</a> that Nepalese soldiers caused the cholera outbreak in Mirebalais in October of 2010. Justice is still elusive even in the face of a <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-20024400" target="_hplink">recantation</a> by the principal author of the report, Dr. Daniele Lantagne, who said that new scientific data analyzing DNA suggest that it is "most likely" the source of the outbreak was indeed the Nepalese camp at Mirebalais. More than 7,500 have died since October 2010.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-11-02-20111130fonkoze4.jpeg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-02-20111130fonkoze4.jpeg" width="500" height="335" /></center><br />
<center><em>The Source Photo by Georgianne Nienaber</em></center><br />
<br />
The BBC reports that that flooding in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy could lead to a <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-20151178" target="_hplink">sharp rise</a> in cholera cases.  Well, we knew that two years ago and did not have a plan for providing  water and sewer infrastructure.<br />
<br />
After <a href="http://www.disasteraccountability.org/127" target="_hplink">severe criticism </a>of their inability to get anything accomplished, NGO's still operate much as they have before the earthquake, with little accountability, and we say nothing.<br />
<br />
We watch while clean water infrastructure is traded for sweatshops in Caracol. <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/2300-207_162-10014294.html" target="_hplink">Hollywood and the Clintons</a> celebrated the opening of Korean sweatshops as Haitians protested. 300 farmers who were displaced from their fields to make way for the industrial park could not compete with the Clintons' recollections of a <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/10/22/haiti-clinton-caracol-idUSL1E8LM3BF20121022 " target="_hplink">"delayed 1975 honeymoon"</a> celebration. <br />
<br />
The <a href="http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-6935-haiti-social-minimum-wage-employers-would-pay-less-than-expected.html " target="_hplink">current law for minimum wage</a> in Haiti sweatshops is between 200 and 300 Gourdes (4.75 US to 7.12 US) per day. That paltry amount has not been met. Why? Segue to the under-reported and ignored 2011 <a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/wikileaks-haiti-minimum-wage-the-nation-2011-6" target="_hplink">scandal </a>involving Obama administration pressure to keep the minimum wage even lower at 31 cents per hour so that jeans and t-shirts would stay cheap and the answer becomes clear. We want cheap clothing and Haiti is our slave mistress.<br />
<br />
A family in Haiti requires at least $12 a day to survive. Do the math. 300 farmers displaced by a Korean sweat shop, massive food insecurities, a hurricane shreds the curtain shielding the wizards of disaster capitalism, and no one notices.<br />
<br />
70 percent of the crops in southern Haiti were <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/10/30/official-rains-and-wind-from-sandy-destroyed-70-percent-crops-in-southern-haiti/" target="_hplink">destroyed</a>, and widespread livestock losses are reported. <br />
<br />
The Haitian Lawyers Leadership Network (HLLN) remains the lone steadfast voice protesting the shock doctrine of disaster capitalism, and the Haiti Grassroots Watch does its best with local student journalists. Listen to HLLN's Ezili Danto's Public Radio interview with Jeff Blankfort of Takes on the World <a href="http://www.ezilidanto.com/zili/2012/07/swapping-haiti-lives-interview-on-us-haiti-exploits/ " target="_hplink">here</a>. <br />
<br />
<em>Haiti Grassroots Watch</em> did an <a href="http://haitigrassrootswatch.squarespace.com/haiti-grassroots-watch-engli/2012/7/9/the-morne-a-cabri-mystery-houses.html" target="_hplink">excellent investigative report</a> on the public underwriting of private enterprise that makes it "cheaper and easier for foreign corporations to set up factories where they can hire workers for the lowest salary in the hemisphere."<br />
<br />
<em>The New York Times</em> also asked why did the Clintons set up such a sweet deal with Korea in an area that was all but <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/06/world/americas/earthquake-relief-where-haiti-wasnt-broken.html?pagewanted=all&amp;_r=0" target="_hplink">exempt from earthquake damage</a>.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>In exchange, thanks to a deal that Secretary of State Hillary Clinton helped broker, Sae-A looked forward to tax exemptions, duty-free access to the United States, abundant cheap labor, factory sheds, a power plant, a new port and an expatriate residence outfitted with special kimchi refrigerators. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Hurricane Sandy has exposed the underbelly of ignorance, greed and malfeasance. And most of all, she has exposed our inattention.<br />
<br />
Sandy's path did not cross Haiti, but the rain and wind caused heavy damage in Sud, Grande-Anse, Nippes and Ouest. So, let's break the facts down from the latest UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs' (OCHA) bulletin. There are 54 dead, 21 injured and 20 missing. 21,107 people have been evacuated to 158 evacuation shelters. 100 IDP (internally displaced persons) camps were damaged, affecting 7,061 families. Yes, there are still IDP camps almost three years post earthquake. 350-400,000 persons are still living there.<br />
<br />
OCHA head<a href="http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43393&amp;Cr=Haiti&amp;Cr1=#.UJLvvWlEQm8" target="_hplink"> Johan Peleman said</a> that between 15,000 and 20,000 people have seen their houses completely destroyed, damaged or flooded as a result of the storm.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Now, with this new tropical storm, we fear that a great deal of the harvest, which was ongoing in the south of the country, may have been destroyed completely. Already, the drought and the previous storm had hit the northern part of the country very badly, and we had seen the levels of food insecurity rise there -- with the south being hit now, we are going to face in the next couple of months very serious problems of malnutrition and food insecurity. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Perhaps Haiti should file a restraining order, or just divorce us (US) and get it over with. Not everyone knows. We have been cheating on her with South Korea ever since 2010.]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/846038/thumbs/s-HAITI-HURRICANE-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>A Working Girl's Guitar Surfs on Rockabilly</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/rosie-flores-working-girls-guitar_b_1982394.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1982394</id>
    <published>2012-10-22T16:48:32-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-12-22T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Rockabilly favorite Rosie Flores has just released Working Girl's Guitar on Bloodshot Records, and she is an important artist who should not be overlooked.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Georgianne Nienaber</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/"><![CDATA[In her autobiography, <i>Just Kids</i>, punk rock goddess/pioneer <a href="http://www.pattismith.net/" target="_hplink">Patti Smith</a> writes that she made more money selling the records she received to review than she did writing the actual reviews. Why? Smith explains that she centered on "obscure" musicians and wasn't so much interested in criticizing as she was in alerting her readers to important artists that were overlooked. Her role was not to tear down but to offer an alternative to corporate messaging and spoon-fed music consumption. It wasn't exactly mainstream material.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-10-18-rosie_09_horz.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-10-18-rosie_09_horz.jpg" width="500" height="396" /></center><br />
<center><em>Rosie Flores (Bloodshot Records)</em></center><br />
<br />
<br />
Rockabilly favorite <a href="http://bloodshotrecords.com/artist/rosie-flores" target="_hplink">Rosie Flores</a> has just released <em>Working Girl's Guitar</em> on Bloodshot Records, and she is an important artist who should not be overlooked. This is Flores' 11th album and comes just weeks after her stint as producer and performer on the posthumous Janis Martin album, <a href="http://www.npr.org/2012/09/30/161968431/janis-martin-the-female-elvis-returns" target="_hplink">The Blanco Sessions</a>. <em>Working Girl's Guitar</em> showcases Flores' substantial abilities as a producer and guitarist in one of the cleanest productions audiophiles will hear this year. Listen to the title track <a href="http://www.bloodshotrecords.com/resources/mp3_rosie_wgg.mp3" target="_hplink">here</a>. <br />
<br />
While not exactly "obscure" in the sense that Patti Smith writes about, Flores has certainly been overlooked in an evolving music business that has streamlined label rosters to include only the most commercially viable artists. In fact, Flores honed her considerable talent at North Hollywood's Palomino Club (think country music west) in the '80s following the leads of Linda Ronstadt, The Flying Burrito Brothers, Dwight Yoakam, Merle Haggard, Jerry Lee Lewis, Freddie Brown and just about every big country name you can conjure. They called it "Cow Punk" back then, and now "New Traditionalist" is the preferred promotional language along with "alt country" and "roots rock." I was lucky enough to be introduced to Flores back in 2009 at Austin's Saxon Pub when I was doing a presser for pop princess <a href="http://www.susancowsill.com" target="_hplink">Susan Cowsill</a>. The two were swapping tales about working the Palomino Club "back in the day."<br />
<br />
I'm an unabashed fan, so roots writer credentials aside, don't take my word for the fact that Rosie Flores is one of the best guitar players, performers, writers and producers ANYWHERE. The prestigious <em>Oxford American</em> "Southern Magazine of Good Writing" has better and more prestigious cred  (I'm no Patti Smith) and <a href="http://www.oxfordamerican.org/articles/2012/oct/16/album-review-rosie-flores/" target="_hplink">they love Rosie</a>.<br />
<br />
<blockquote> Flores can... belt with the best of 'em and wields her token blue guitar with deadly precision... she's is an all-around force... In <em>Working Girl's Guitar</em>, though, she demonstrates her versatility as a musician and songwriter. The album floats from rockabilly to surf rock to bluesy love ballad and back, all while achieving a cohesiveness that would be difficult even in a less-ambitious album.</blockquote><br />
<br />
The opening track, written for her by friend Ritchie Mintz, takes its name from a battered guitar Flores was considering selling when times were tough. Mintz commented that it looked like a "working girl's guitar," and the album title was born. <br />
<br />
While visiting Nashville last week to hang out with sound guy Ramcey Rodriquez on the roots scene for a night, I asked him if he would take a listen. I was stunned by the crisp production, especially since I knew the album was recorded at two studios. Ramcey (Songpoets Sound) specializes in live sound, recording, and is a mastering engineer from Nashville. He knows good sound and how to get it. His first comment was that "Rosie sure sounds like a girl who knows how to work that guitar." "That guitar" is Flores' trademark James Trussart Deluxe Steel TopCaster.<br />
<br />
<center><img alt="2012-10-18-rosie_2012_by_RodneyBursiel.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-10-18-rosie_2012_by_RodneyBursiel.jpg" width="500" height="448" /></center><br />
<em>Rosie Flores and her James Trussart Deluxe Steel TopCaster (Credit: Rodney Bursiel)</em><br />
<br />
<br />
Ramcey had it right. The signature SteelCaster tone comes from the special hollow steel body, but Flores coaxes a unique universe of resonance and tone with notes that soar. That girl can play and this album delivers the sound, consistency and ambience of a live performance.<br />
<br />
Ramcey suspected right away that Rosie's main vocals were recorded at one studio with one very good microphone and that the additional vocals and overdubs were done at the second studio, resulting in the crisp, clean sound that is the hallmark of this record. Wondering how the engineers achieved this, we asked the guys via an email to Josh Zanger over at Bloodshot Records.<br />
<br />
Mark Stockert at Underwood Studios in Minneapolis says he used the "finest vocal microphone ever made;" the Wunder Audio CM7 tube microphone. For any audiophiles who may be reading this, Stockert reminded us that the "vocal chain" was the most important factor in capturing Flores' great vocals. The pre-amp they used was a Great River MP-2NV; "wicked for multitracking."<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.crisburnsaudio.com/" target="_hplink">Cris Burns</a> engineered at Austin's Summit Street Studio where Flores finished up the remaining vocal and guitar overdubs. He used an Audio-Technica 4033 microphone and a Cris Burns Audio handmade tube preamp.<br />
<br />
Here is where Flores shined as a producer. She knew where to get the engineering talent to reproduce her sound and this album is a true representation of her craft.<br />
<br />
<center><iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/1gyCzNLOCgs" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></center><br />
<br />
<br />
There are many gems on this record, and a couple of surprises. <a href="http://www.bobbyvee.com" target="_hplink">Sixties teen heart throb Bobby Vee</a> sings back-up on "Love Must Have Passed Me By" (Robert Thomas Velline/Salma Music/BMI) and Flores' acoustic guitar track on George Harrison's "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" (Harrisongs Ltd./Ruminating Music/Wixen Music) is a standout that Flores makes her own. <br />
<br />
"I'm Little But I'm Loud" (Pink Suede Music) is pure Rosie Flores fun and a solid girl's co-write with Rachel Gladstone. <br />
<br />
There is much to love on this CD and here is hoping it gets the play it deserves on Americana and Roots Radio outlets. Rockabilly fans will already have this CD in their collections. <br />
<br />
Once you have this CD, new fans will want to catch Rosie on tour. More details can be found on the <a href="http://rosieflores.com/index.php?page=tour" target="_hplink">Rosie Flores webpage</a>.<br />
<br />
<em>Cross posted at <a href="http://hollywoodprogressive.com/rosie-flores-2/" target="_hplink">Hollywood Progressive</a>.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/799879/thumbs/s-ROSIE-FLORES-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>
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