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Nakoula Is An Artist, Because He Offends

Posted: 09/20/2012 4:31 pm

What a mess; the Middle East is one again aflame with religious indignation, the French continue to take rioting to the level of a national sport, and here in North America we've forgotten our most basic constitutional principles.

Theodore Adorno said it first, more than 60 years ago: if a film cannot be other than inoffensive, then an inoffensive film is meaningless; we all understand that a child's colouring book is not a work of art, no matter how beautifully he or she colours within the lines. With the recent (and shameful) treatment of Nakoula Basseley Nakoula, creator of the deliriously offensive Innocence of Muslims we would do well to take a moment to reflect on that old insight.

As seen in the oppressive silence that accompanied the Danish Cartoon incident, or the outright hostility often shown to Salman Rushdie and Theo van Gogh, many in the media have a long history of bending to Islamic threats against legitimate artists. Nakoula may be a bad artist, but an artist he is, and his bigotry does not disentitle him to any of his fundamental rights, nor justify the rank victim-blaming now dominating the conversation.

That's not to say that the media requires the boogey-man of Islamophobia to abandon its responsibilities; perhaps the most egregious example of quietly accepting the destruction of an artist is that of young Seattle cartoonist Molly Norris. In 2010, a federal protection program helped Norris "go ghost" following a fatwa placed by radical cleric Anwar al-Awlaki. A cute and sympathetic idealist whose only crime was drawing a largely inoffensive cartoon that became promotional material for Everybody Draw Muhammad Day, Norris was involuntarily shot into view of the Islamists and then utterly abandoned. The attention came without remorse, and continued right up until she was forced to disappear. Thereafter, she was quickly forgotten.

If Norris' story failed to stir public outrage, what hope does Nakoula have of just treatment from his home country? Already, headlines describe him as a "convicted criminal", and a "meth-cooking fraudster," while TV news reports are delivered with inflection that drips with revulsion. Everywhere, we see that preemptively heading off accusations of racism and Islamophobia is more important than ethical treatment of a subject. The language casts Nakoula as a perpetrator in the killings around the world, constantly describing events as "fuelled" by a video he didn't promote. Even conservatives have offered little shelter or support, with one Jewish publication posting a rather frantic article denying rumors of his Israeli heritage.

The media spent two days camped in front of Nakoula's home, making him less safe and engaging in personal take-downs that all but rub their hands at the prospect of his murder. They've bemoaned the lack of photos of the filmmaker, assuming that their responsibility is to localize a possible target for religious killing, not to protect a fellow citizen's right to speak without fear of violent reprisals. Even police officers started anonymously confirming bits of information about him.

The only actual charge is a parole violation.

When Hillary Clinton spends a while calling the video "disgusting and reprehensible" before getting around to condemning the lynch-murder of diplomatic officers, or when she shoves three sentences about religious tolerance between "Some people think this attack was deserved" and "It wasn't," she can be forgiven due to her position; if she appears cold to the feelings of Muslims, people can literally die. But for the media to throw Nakoula under the bus when what set him running was the exercise of their most basic rights as journalists and citizens, is simply short-sighted.

Probably the most ignorant thing said about the film also happens to be one of the most wide-spread: that it was "intended" to incite violence. This is a subtle restatement of the most basic possible misunderstanding of free speech, that the expression of an opinion can be a violent act. The film contains no call to action on anyone's part, and Nakoula certainly made no special effort to put it under the eyes of Islamists in the Middle East. In what way can we credibly call this a deliberate effort to incite, beyond the simple fact that we do not agree with the opinion being expressed?

Here we have no cute young damsel to defend, nor a laughably inoffensive cartoon; here we have a truly bigoted work by an evidently quite ignorant man. This situation forces us to decide how much our freedom of expression really means to us, whether distasteful speech really is subject to the same protections as the popular sort, and whether violence at home and abroad can scare us into to leaving our weakest members to the wolves.

When Molly Norris tried to extract herself from Everybody Draw Muhammad Day, the movement saw it as a betrayal. She was attacked as a fair-weather activist by people too afraid to put their own names on their own cartoons, and she was continually falsely accused of being an organizer of the event.

Norris was trapped by a media narrative, quite literally, and destroyed by it so directly that it can hardly even be called accidental. When Nakoula is inevitably killed or driven into perpetual hiding, there will be absolutely no wiggle-room at all: his rights were declared unimportant, his safety undermined, because we did not like what he had to say, and because mobs of murderers scare us more than a single cringing filmmaker.

Many of those who comfortably enjoy the right to free expression are more than willing to discard their own champions, be they erudite novelists, sweet young cartoonists, or big ugly bigots. It of course turns out that a laughable YouTube video doesn't have quite the power some had assumed, but the narrative hasn't changed in tandem with the facts: Nakoula is responsible, and he must be brought to justice. The fear seems to be that Nakoula's Islamophobia might be catching.

It's clear, though, that if we isolate him completely enough, Nakoula will eventually go away. Just like Molly Norris did. Then we can all forget, go back to our lives, and resume our happy coloring -- strictly within the lines.

 

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02:54 PM on 09/26/2012
where were all of you when they made "piss christ" or the film "Last temptation of Christ". No one said a word when it was christianity in the cross-hairs and if they did they were told to shut up its free speech. Now we have someone making an anti-islamic film and all of a sudden we are told to control our speech and censure ourselves?? Hypocrites one and all
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TRMS
Rally round the family, pocket full of shells
05:53 PM on 09/24/2012
Free speech is just that, free speech. It doesn't guarantee that you won't be thought of negatively, or protect you from people using their own right to free speech to say that they disagree with you or think you are wrong. Most people don't want to have violence break out because of this crudely made video. However, Nakoula's intentions were most likely to cause anger. At the very least Nakoula knew that what he was doing would be considered offensive and he might be subject to violent reprisal. If Nakoula is hurt or killed because of this video, that would be wrong. But I can't believe that Nakoula didn't know that there were risks involved in his actions.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TRMS
Rally round the family, pocket full of shells
05:38 PM on 09/24/2012
Whatever. That film has no artistic merit. It's poorly written and poorly acted. As a film professional, I'm insulted by that "film". It doesn't even qualify as remotely artistic. For it to be provocative art, it would need to be art first. The makers of this bad video meant only to insult, but they have no more artistic merit than any garden variety racist off the street. Give them credit (or blame) for accomplishing their goal of angering Muslims, but don't give them credit as Artists.
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dredesch
02:25 PM on 09/24/2012
The main argument is hogwash. Many things offend various people and that does not magically transform them into art.

At issue here is the intent to deceive. The producer trying to pass himself off as an israeli-american, lying to the actors about the scenario, with the references to Islam and Muhammad being badly dubbed in post-production.

This is not some guy critical of Islam exercising his right of free speech. It was done with the purpose of disseminating hatred, incidentally endangering the lives of many unwitting participants in that "movie", and possibly those of Christian copts in Egypt and elsewhere.

I don't believe that Nakoula Basseley Nakoula ever thought he was doing this for artistic reasons. His motives are still somewhat murky, aside from his obvious hatred of Islam. And after that he has the gall to say "OMG, I fear for my life now", like he had no idea this kind of hate speech would generate violent reactions.

This doesn't mean that the reaction of a relatively small number of Muslim extremists is in any way reasonable or acceptable. But it seems clear that the intent of those who made and distributed the movie was to generate this kind of reaction. And his attempt to make it look as if the U.S. or Israel were responsible made it worse since he won't even accept the responsibility for what he did.
06:53 PM on 09/21/2012
Yunel Escobar of Blue Jays received his just punishment for mocking homophobic slur. The three game suspensions is equivalent to a fine of $90,000. He also had to apologize. The offensive text was in Spanish in small letters on his face which only few could read or understand. On other hand Nakoula Basseley Nakoula made a full length film, though only a trailer was placed on the internet. He has incurred no public reprimand and has been moved to a safe house under the protection of state. U.S.A. have laws against Public mischief and people get arrested for small infractions. But even that was not applied to Nakoula. It seems Muslims complaints are judged by a different standard.
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NTodd
Aude Sapere
03:57 PM on 09/21/2012
I don't think that's what Adorno had in mind.
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Skepticat
Supporting skeptical felines everywhere
01:12 PM on 09/21/2012
Lying to the cast of this little opus, lying about who produced it, inserting arabic subtitles onto the most inflammatory parts and putting it on a social media site to ensure that brainless fanatics see it and riot - accordingly might require certain skills sets, as does counterfeiting 20 bills and do many other creative acts of limited value. Ah but is it art one might ask - nope.
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colpy
03:08 PM on 09/21/2012
Who cares if it is art?/

It IS free speech.
05:20 PM on 09/22/2012
Paintings created by letting animals run around on the canvas are art. Candid photography can be art. Korean animators often don't know the words associated with the scenes they draw, is the Simpsons not art?

What does it matter, the mental states of the actors? These seem like such irrelevant details, to me. All that matters is the medium and the intentional construction. Film is an artistic medium, in which he created a work for consumption. Anything beyond that is waffling based on dislike.
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Skepticat
Supporting skeptical felines everywhere
10:06 PM on 09/22/2012
Actually whether paintings "smeared by the tail of a donkey" are art is highly subjective. Nikita Krushchevadmittedly  not your most enlightened fan of "alternative" painting certainly didn't think so. Marshall McLuhan once stated: " Art is anything you can get away with!" I probably will continue to disagree.
Thelonius
Lived in Middle East for
11:14 AM on 09/21/2012
Hatemongering is not art!!!
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Mike Turner
10:21 AM on 09/21/2012
if he did it in an open and honest way maybe I'd even consider this art, but lying to the cast and crew and then hiding his face says everything about this "art"
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markhahn
rational progressive
12:15 AM on 09/21/2012
nah. it's not art if it only exists to offend. Piss Christ is no more art than this absurd video. people should be free to perform such "performance offense" - freedom, unlike art, *does* include pointless offense.
10:33 PM on 09/20/2012
It's good to see a progressive finally looking at this situation in a manner that isn't completely backwards
09:34 PM on 09/20/2012
Gangnam Style - http://youtu.be/P-kemN3wO1A
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MJinCanada
Safe from zombies until my 2nd cup of coffee
09:31 PM on 09/20/2012
Sorry, but being offensive for the sake of being offensive isn't art. It's boorishness. It's in-your-face insulting -- not only for the bigotry but for assuming people fall for deceit and bigotry.

Art IS supposed to make people think and feel. It doesn't have to make them feel angry.
10:36 PM on 09/20/2012
Do you really want the government deciding what is and isn't art? I certainly don't
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MJinCanada
Safe from zombies until my 2nd cup of coffee
02:39 AM on 09/21/2012
No, I don't want government deciding what is art. But by this guys defense of a badly made video, I could pile the lumps from the cat litter box on a fake silver platter and call it art if enough people said "EW!" By his definition, spraypainting racial slurs on a wall is art. When a child deliberately screeches his way through violin practice, can you call it music?
09:28 AM on 09/21/2012
No, but they have a role in deciding what constitutes hate speech, which is covered by the Criminal Code of Canada.
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NTodd
Aude Sapere
04:15 PM on 09/21/2012
Art isn't supposed to have any purpose at all. This abstraction is hard for people to understand, but an artifact which has a purpose is called a "tool" and it is not "art". To the extent to which an artifact is "useful" (serves a preordained purpose), it is not art. Art is not about content, it is about the decision process that leads to a specific arrangement of elements. If this decision process involves anything other than free arbitrary aesthetic choice by the artist, it compromises the artifact's status as art. The freedom to create art allows us to imagine worlds that don't exist naturally into existence. Whether or not it creates thought or feeling is not art's responsibility, it just IS, and from there our reaction is up to us. Ultimately, the question of whether something is art or not is not particularly interesting, and I don't think it has any particular relevance to the video. What is interesting is its status as a tool -- for propaganda.
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MJinCanada
Safe from zombies until my 2nd cup of coffee
09:51 PM on 09/21/2012
Art can tell a story, present an opinion, or simply please the eye. Those are purposes. And if you argue that art with a purpose is a tool for propaganda -- well, that's a good description of that nasty film, isn't it? So don't claim that it's art!