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Ike Awgu

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How the Death of the American Family Led to Hadiya Pendleton's Murder

Posted: 01/31/2013 12:48 pm

On Tuesday January 29, 15-year-old Hadiya Pendleton, an honour student who had just performed at President Obama's inauguration, was gunned down in a Chicago park. Hadiya was described by her father as a "shining light", and she dreamed of becoming a lawyer. Now her light has been put out and her dream is over.

Hadiya Pendleton wasn't in any kind of a gang; she was a young girl who had been let out of school early on Tuesday after an exam and was huddling under a canopy to escape the rain. The human refuse who killed her had apparently been targeting someone else, but as is often the case with these troglodytes, was probably too stupid and cowardly to discern the identity of the target before showering her with bullets. Hadiya Pendleton, who could have been your daughter or your sister, was shot in the back in the rain, killed with less compassion than the humane society shows when it puts down dogs or cats.

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Hadiya Pendleton


This brings the number of gun deaths in Chicago since the New Year to 42 -- the deadliest January for the city in 10 years. Last year, Chicago bore witness to over 500 gun-related homicides -- and if trends continue, this year's total will surpass that. For those among you whose brains are already so eagerly tap dancing to the tune of handguns being "the problem," know that handguns are essentially banned in the city of Chicago.

Gang members and criminals appear uninterested in the law's opinion on the legality of their firearms. Those of you who remain unconvinced and still blame handguns are welcome to believe what you like -- as doing so is likely in your nature. Others may now be turning to another proverbial bogeyman -- the immemorial slander on the poor that "poverty" is the cause of these violent murders or that gangs are to blame. Although both of these variables contribute to violence, both are also symptoms of an underlying and more serious problem. I believe that but for that underlying problem, both poverty and gangs would be reduced in scope to such an extent as to render them near irrelevant to the lives of people in low income areas of Chicago.

About 72 per cent of black Americans are raised in single parent households. The "single parent" in these households is usually a single mother. This is relevant because when one talks about "gun violence in Chicago," what one is really talking about is young black men murdering one another (and innocent people in their neighbourhoods). And when one talks about "young black men," what one really means, in many cases, is children from the homes of unwed single mothers murdering children from the homes of other unwed single mothers.

If you pay attention to the funerals of young men murdered in gang violence, you will see a parade of grandmothers, aunts, sisters and perhaps the occasional uncle, but fathers are a sight as rare as a pink diamond. Being born to a single mother is a greater predictor of crime than race or poverty. The increasing out-of-wedlock birth rate in the United States, across all ethnic groups, is likely the precursor to an increase in social problems -- more high school drop outs despite more money for schools, more juvenile delinquents despite more money for rehabilitation, more underachievers despite more money spent on teachers. This is not just a black problem; It's a family structure problem. But because black Americans and Hispanics do not have white privilege to help offset their missing father figures, they are hardest hit.

Resistance to the very banal notion that inadequate parenting is more closely connected to young boys murdering one another (and unlucky strangers) than handguns or poverty is indicative of the extent to which the people who can least afford to make poor decisions when it comes to parenting (the lower to middle classes and visible minorities) are being led astray. There is an industry permanently employed and entirely vested in proving the traditional two-parent family an anachronism. Those who suggest the heresy that perhaps the reason crime in areas of Chicago is so high is because the children there are being raised in high proportion by single mothers can expect the typical slurs, slanders and rigged "studies" hurled in their direction. Hadiya Pendleton's death is for me the last straw.

The President, who is himself the head of a beautiful family, needs to tell to America's face not the truth it wants to hear, but the truth its needs to hear right now -- when it comes to handgun violence in places like Chicago, marriage and fathers are the answer.


Loading Slideshow...
  • A memorial for 47-year-old Denise Warfield is attached to a fence next to an abandoned church building on May 6, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. Warfield was found stabbed to death inside the church on Saturday May 4. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • A memorial for 47-year-old Denise Warfield is attached to a fence next to an abandoned church building (R) on May 6, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. Warfield was found stabbed to death inside the church on Saturday May 4. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Roya Mitchell leaves a message on a memorial for her friend 16-year-old Tywon Jones near the spot where Jones was killed by police in front of the Greater Galilee Missionary Baptist Church on May 6, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. According to police Jones was killed May 5 after he fired a pistol at police who were trying to stop him as he rode a bicycle away after shooting at a crowd of people moments earlier. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • A Chicago Police investigator tries to see the caliber of a shell casing left in the street at the scene of a shooting in the South Shore neighborhood on May 14, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy stands in front of a small display of guns, including a .22 cal. rifle (front), during a press conference in the Englewood neighborhood on May 6, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. McCarthy said Chicago police confiscate an average of more than 130 illegal guns each week. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy leaves a police station in the Englewood neighborhood following a press conference on May 6, 2013 in Chicago, Illinois. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, center, Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy, left, and Cook County State's Attorney Anita Alvarez, right, discuss gun violence at a news conference Monday, Feb. 11, 2013, in Chicago. During the news conference McCarthy, Emanuel, and Alvarez said they will push for state legislation that increases the minimum sentences for those who violate the state's gun laws. (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)

  • A family member is consoled before six-month old Jonylah Watkins' funeral at New Beginnings Church in Chicago, Tuesday, March, 19, 2013. Jonylah's death was the latest to draw national attention to Chicago's struggle with gang violence and murder. (AP Photo/Paul Beaty)

  • This undated Watkins family photo shows Jonathan Watkins, 29, of Chicago, holding his 6-month-old daughter Jonylah Watkins. Funeral services were held Tuesday, March 19, 2013 for Jonylah who died Tuesday, March 12 after being shot the night before while sitting on her father's lap in a minivan when a gunman approached on foot and shot them both in Chicago. The father was seriously injured in the attack. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the Watkins family)

  • Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy points to a poster showing three offenders that committed murders while on parole for prior gun convictions during a news conference Monday, Feb. 11, 2013, in Chicago. During the news conference McCarthy Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, and Cook County State's Attorney Anita Alvarez said they'll push for state legislation that increases the minimum sentences for those who violate the state's gun laws. (AP Photo/M. Spencer Green)

  • This March 11, 2013 photo shows a Chicago police officer looking over a minivan on the city's South Side where 6-month-old Jonylah Watkins was shot while sitting on her father's lap. The child died the following day. Hundreds of Chicago police officers are hitting the streets on overtime every night in dangerous neighborhoods, the latest tactic by Mayor Rahm Emanuel's administration to reduce killings in a city dogged by its homicide rate and heartbreaking stories about honor students and small children caught in the crossfire. (AP Photo/Devlin Brown)

  • Danyia Bell, left, 16, and Artureana Terrell, 16, react as they read a program for the funeral of Hadiya Pendleton outside the Greater Harvest Missionary Baptist Church after the service, Saturday, Feb. 9, 2013, in Chicago. Hundreds of mourners and dignitaries including first lady Michelle Obama packed the funeral service Saturday for a Chicago teen whose killing catapulted her into the nation's debate over gun violence. (AP Photo/Nam Y. Huh)

  • Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy, right, offers the city's condolences to the Pendleton family, from left, Nathaniel Jr., Nathaniel Sr., and Cleopatra during a news conference seeking help from the public in solving the murder of Pendleton's daughter Hadiya Wednesday, Jan. 30, 2013, in Chicago. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • Crime scene tape hangs on a light pole across from Noah Foods December 28, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Nathaniel Jackson, believed to be the 500th murder victim of the year in Chicago, was shot in the head and killed outside the store on December 27. After news organizations began reporting about his murder, the Chicago Police Department's News Affairs Office issued a statement stating Chicago's murder total remains at 499 because classification of one death investigation remains pending. They would not specify which death is pending. The total number of murders in the city has only once exceeded 500 victims since 2004. The murder rate is up about 11 percent from 2011, much of which is attributed to growing gang violence. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • A police vehicle sits outside Noah Foods December 28, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Nathaniel Jackson, believed to be the 500th murder victim of the year in Chicago, was shot in the head and killed outside the store on December 27. After news organizations began reporting about his murder, the Chicago Police Department's News Affairs Office issued a statement stating Chicago's murder total remains at 499 because classification of one death investigation remains pending. They would not specify which death is pending. The total number of murders in the city has only once exceeded 500 victims since 2004. The murder rate is up about 11 percent from 2011, much of which is attributed to growing gang violence. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Candles burn in the alley near the spot where Federico Martinez was gunned down on December 28, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Martinez was believed to be the 499th murder victim in Chicago when he was killed on Wednesday December 26. After news organizations began reporting about the city's 500th murder victim, the Chicago Police Department's News Affairs Office issued a statement stating Chicago's murder total remains at 499 because classification of one death investigation remains pending. They would not specify which death is pending. The total number of murders in the city has only once exceeded 500 victims since 2004. The murder rate is up about 11 percent from 2011, much of which is attributed to growing gang violence. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Graffiti is painted on a garage near the spot where Federico Martinez was gunned down two days ago on December 28, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Martinez was believed to be the 499th murder victim of the year in Chicago when he was killed on December 26. After news organizations began reporting about the city's 500th murder victim, the Chicago Police Department's News Affairs Office issued a statement stating Chicago's murder total remains at 499 because classification of one death investigation remains pending. They would not specify which death is pending. The total number of murders in the city has only once exceeded 500 victims since 2004. The murder rate is up about 11 percent from 2011, much of which is attributed to growing gang violence. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • In this Wednesday, Dec. 5, 2012 photo, a lone cross stands in a vacant lot on the corner of 79th and Loomis in the Auburn-Gresham neighborhood on Chicago's South Side. Up to 80 percent of Chicago's murders and shootings are gang-related, according to police. By one estimate, the city has almost 70,000 gang members. A police audit last spring identified 59 gangs and 625 factions; most are on the South and West sides. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this March 9, 2011 photo, Pam Bosley stands inside the Chicago's St. Sabina Catholic Church and poses with a photograph of her son, Terrell, who was gunned down in 2006. Bosley now works with kids 14 to 21 at the church, teaching them life and leadership skills and ways to reduce violence. Sometimes, she says, itÂ’s neglectful parents who are the problem; often itÂ’s gangs who just donÂ’t value life. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this Wednesday, Dec. 5, 2012 photo, a note of condolence is taped to the window of connivence store where in November 2012, a clerk was killed in an apparent robbery on Chicago's South Side. ItÂ’s been a turbulent, bloody year in Chicago. A spike in murders and shootings, much of it gang-related, sent shock waves across the nation and spurred new crime-fighting strategies. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this Monday, Dec. 3, 2012 photo, a man waits to cross 79th street as a school bus passes by in the Auburn-Gresham neighborhood on Chicago's South Side, seen in the reflection of a window. ItÂ’s been a turbulent, bloody year in Chicago. A spike in murders and shootings, much of it gang-related, sent shock waves across the nation. Look closer and there are signs of distress and fear. Police cars watching kids board city buses at the end of the school day. Heavy security gates on barber shops and food marts. Thick partitions separating cash registers from customers. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this Wednesday, Dec. 26, 2012 photo, Bobby McComb sits on the sofa with her 14 year-old daughter, Cerria, at their home in the Auburn-Gresham neighborhood of Chicago's South Side. In the wrong place at the right time, Cerria and a friend were wounded when gunfire aimed at a reputed gang member struck them, with a bullet exploding in Cerria's right leg. "I'm angry," Mrs. McComb says. "I'm frustrated. I'm tired of them shooting our kids, killing our kids, thinking they can get away with it." (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this Monday, Dec. 17, 2012 photo, Rev. Mike Pfleger of the St. Sabina Catholic Church, speaks with a young man during a weekly basketball tournament at the church gym where rival gangs can play in a 12-week basketball league instead of walking the streets in the Auburn-Gresham neighborhood of Chicago's South Side. Pfleger says the games help players build relationships, see beyond gang affiliation and stop shooting each other, at least for now. "I have people tell me I'm naive, I'm stupid, I should be ashamed of myself working with these gangs," he says. "I could care less. We've demonized them so much we forget they're human beings." (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • In this Wednesday, Dec. 5, 2012 photo, a young man enters a convenience store where earlier in November a clerk was killed in an apparent robbery on Chicago's South Side. Chicago's murder rate is approaching 500, compared with 435 in 2011. More than 2,400 shootings occurred (as of Dec. 21), an 11 percent increase over last year at the same time. Gang-related arrests are about 7,000 higher than in 2011. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • A child watches a residents participating in a peace vigil walk past her home in the Washington Park neighborhood on November 30, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. About 75 children, teachers, and parents were joined by area residents and religious leaders as they marched in the streets to draw attention to the violence that plagues their Southside neighborhood. Through the end of October 436 people were murdered in Chicago, surpassing the 435 murders for all of 2011. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Dolores Walker (L) is comforted by her mother Josephine at the funeral service for her son Joseph Briggs at New Zion Grove Missionary Baptist Church on June 20, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Briggs, who turned 16 in April, was shot in the head during a drive-by shooting while he was sitting on his front porch with his sister on June 9. Briggs was one of nine people killed and 46 wounded by gunfire in Chicago during that June weekend. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • Rahm Emanuel, Garry McCarthy

    Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy speaks during a news conference where he and Mayor Rahm Emanuel, rear, announced an initiative to prevent gang activity in and around vacant buildings on Monday, July 9, 2012 in Chicago. (AP Photo/Sitthixay Ditthavong)

  • Rahm Emanuel, Garry McCarthy

    Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel, left, listens to Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy during a news conference where they announced an initiative to prevent gang activity in and around vacant buildings on Monday, July 9, 2012 in Chicago. (AP Photo/Sitthixay Ditthavong)

  • Chicago's Killing Fields

    Chicago's murder rate has surged this year, yet no one is talking about it. How do we give a systemic problem a face?

  • Roosevelt Judkins watches as officials stand outside an abandoned house that they say is a haven for drug dealers and gang members, before it was demolished Thursday, July 12, 2012 in Chicago. Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced that the city's building department will spend $4 million to make it impossible for gang members to use the buildings as a base of operations. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • Drug paraphernalia is seen on the floor of an abandoned house that officials say was a haven for drug dealers and gang members, shortly before it was demolished Thursday, July 12, 2012 in Chicago. Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced that the city's building department will spend $4 million to make it impossible for gang members to use the buildings as a base of operations. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • Drug paraphernalia is seen on the floor of an abandoned house that officials say was a haven for drug dealers and gang members, shortly before it was demolished Thursday, July 12, 2012 in Chicago. Mayor Rahm Emanuel announced that the city's building department will spend $4 million to make it impossible for gang members to use the buildings as a base of operations. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast)

  • CHICAGO, IL - JUNE 20: Family and friends watch as the remains of Joseph Briggs are lowered into a grave at Oak Woods Cemetery on June 20, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Briggs, who turned 16 in April, was shot in the head during a drive-by shooting while he was sitting on his front porch with his sister on June 9. Briggs was one of nine people killed and 46 wounded by gunfire in Chicago during that June weekend. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • CHICAGO, IL - JUNE 20: Family and friends say goodbye to Joseph Briggs during a funeral service at New Zion Grove Missionary Baptist Church on June 20, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Briggs, who turned 16 in April, was shot in the head during a drive-by shooting while he was sitting on his front porch with his sister on June 9. Briggs was one of nine people killed and 46 wounded by gunfire in Chicago during that June weekend. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • CHICAGO, IL - JUNE 20: Pallbearers carry the remains of Joseph Briggs from New Zion Grove Missionary Baptist Church following a funeral service on June 20, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Briggs, who turned 16 in April, was shot in the head during a drive-by shooting while he was sitting on his front porch with his sister on June 9. Briggs was one of nine people killed and 46 wounded by gunfire in Chicago during that June weekend. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • CHICAGO, IL - JUNE 11: Signatures cover a memorial to Joseph Briggs which has been constructed outside his home June 11, 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. Briggs, who recently turned 16, was shot and killed while sitting on the stoop of his home in Chicago's Marquette Park neighborhood on Saturday. Briggs was one of at least 8 people killed and at least 43 wounded in shootings in Chicago this past weekend. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)

  • In a June 9, 2012 photo, the Chicago Police gang enforcement unit stops a car with four suspected gang members and arrests one of them on a warrant. In Chicago, homicides are up over last year. (AP Photo/Robert Ray)

  • In Chicago, homicides are up markedly over last year. In some of the West and South side streets its guns, gangs and drugs. On a Saturday night this summer, residents strolled by as a young man was being arrested. (AP Photo/Robert Ray)

  • In a June 5 2012 photo, police arrest a suspect in Chicago. The CPD narcotics division has been conducting undercover investigations in order to move in on suspected drug dealers in parts of Chicago's South and West sides. In the fight against Chicago's gang and drug problem Chicago Police patrol the streets 24/7. (AP Photo/Robert Ray)

  • In a June 5, 2012 photo, Devon Wright, 23, is arrested and charged with delivery of a controlled substance, in Chicago. The Chicago Police Department is waging a strategic battle against gang members and drug dealers. (AP Photo/Robert Ray)

 

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On Tuesday January 29, 15-year-old Hadiya Pendleton, an honour student who had just performed at President Obama's inauguration, was gunned down in a Chicago park. Hadiya was described by her father a...
On Tuesday January 29, 15-year-old Hadiya Pendleton, an honour student who had just performed at President Obama's inauguration, was gunned down in a Chicago park. Hadiya was described by her father a...
 
 
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fromdnorth
OK I checked my micro-bio (didn't know I had one
10:39 PM on 02/01/2013
It is a lot more complex than that...
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conservativewhitemale
Silence is the language of God. Zip it.
02:08 PM on 02/01/2013
You won't hear a peep from our Nobel Peace Prize winning Drone Fleet Commander. He's busy freeing the gays, in that he's spoken more in defence of gay marriage, then the original institution, by a factor of 10.
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fromdnorth
OK I checked my micro-bio (didn't know I had one
10:37 PM on 02/01/2013
The writer did not preclude gay marriage...
11:40 AM on 02/01/2013
The good Reverend Jesse Jackson, also a regular contributor on this site, got caught by an open microphone stating his desire to rip (then) Senator Obama's nuts off for voicing a similar opinion.
03:53 AM on 02/01/2013
One of the few good articles to come out from this site
01:36 AM on 02/01/2013
Same thing is true in Toronto. Between May 1, 2006 and Oct. 31, 2010, 62 per cent of Criminal Code Section 95 (gun) charges were laid against people identified by the police as black. Census data indicates that approximately 8.4 per cent of the Toronto population is black.
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fromdnorth
OK I checked my micro-bio (didn't know I had one
10:38 PM on 02/01/2013
Those statistics are not available. Tell us where your source is... Or shut up as an uninformed bigot...
11:15 PM on 02/02/2013
1. An article in the Globe & Mail last year. Just because you don't like it does not mean it is not true. 
2. Statistics can be predicators of an opinion or stand on their own, they do not necessarily represent the opinion of a bigot.
3. You should not fear the truth but work with it i.e. offer opposing ideas on causal factors, if you wish.  The minute you resort to angry name-calling, your opinion is dismissed.
11:58 PM on 01/31/2013
Yes let's just blame single mothers for all the evils of the world. How about the corrupt legal system which puts so many young black men in jail? Or the cycle of gang violence and poverty only worsened by the easy access to weapons? Get rid of the guns, and fight racism in our justice system and you just might see more black men involved in the lives of their children.
08:10 PM on 01/31/2013
Excellent article. Nice to see someone finally telling the inconvenient truth about what leads to such tradgedies instead of the usual tripe about how stricter gun laws are going to magically fix all of societies ills.
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novabird
Lover of Life, Radical Centrist
07:04 PM on 01/31/2013
Free and easy access to deadly weapons led to Hadiya Pendleton's murder my friend.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
WetCoastLiving
It's MY opinion, WE don't have to share it
06:41 PM on 01/31/2013
Gun regulations in other states surrounding Illinois will also be of service to the gun violence as it won't be so easy to get the guns from across state lines.

I also ask you, how is it that other countries who also have high teen mom rates are able to control gun violence? Last year there were essentially the same number of gun deaths in Chicago as there were across Canada. Gangs can also only answer for so many people as the up and coming ganster is from middle class, 2 parent homes, at least here in Vancouver. The spatter of gang deaths here have been the middle class gangster wannabe's. Guns will always find there way into the violence but it seems that tougher regulations across Canada are doing the trick.
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49tales
lucem sequimur
06:03 PM on 01/31/2013
And yet that President was raised by a single mother.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Ike Awgu
10:49 AM on 02/01/2013
This is an incredibly dumb point.
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49tales
lucem sequimur
12:59 PM on 02/01/2013
Really?

And your article is offensive to all the hard-working single mothers out there who raise wonderful children as Barrack Obama's mother did.

You know there are people out there that will blame the gun violence in Chicago on African Americans and make it a race issue. Do you think your position is really any better by blaming single mothers?

Perhaps instead you should look into why women end up becoming single mothers and what can be done to help them raise happy, healthy kid

In my experience, people only turn to violence and crime when they see no hope for a bright and positivie future.

Halle Berry, Mariah Carey, Bill Clinton, Barrack Obama, Al Pacino, Barbara Streisand, John Lennon, L.L Cool J, Alicia Keys, Jay Z, Jamie Foxx, are just a few examples of famous people who grew up without fathers. And we all personally know people who grew up without fathers, but thanks to their hard-working, dedicated mothers managed to grow up and become successful adults.
05:52 PM on 01/31/2013
What a horribly tragic loss of a beautiful, intelligent young woman. Thank you for telling the truth. The disintegration of the traditional family is at the root cause of much of this violence. The lack of strong, moral fathers in the home breeds criminals with no respect for life. I think the mothers are doing their best, but hormone-charged adolescent boys simply need men as their loving disciplinarians and role models. It's time to acknowledge and start to fix this problem.
04:44 PM on 01/31/2013
So shotgun weddings will stop gun violence... no, it can't be systemic economic issues, that would be too simple.
03:30 PM on 01/31/2013
Heritage Foundations pointing the finger at single mothers as the cause for violence in America? Not surprising, good thing they are so full of it even a kid can find the faults in their logic.
01:47 PM on 01/31/2013
We certainly know that being raised in a two-parent family is highly protective against anti-social behaviour, including gang involvement but it seems to me and many many researchers that poverty is a significant contributor to failed relationships, drug use and other anti-social behaviours. I agree that we need to build more stable family units but poverty contributes to that de-stabilization.
And why do so many relationships fail? Because we have created a shallow society addicted to instant gratification. We are pummelled by advertising telling us that we are not enough and never have enough despite living in a land of plenty. That constant sense of dissatisfaction has spilt into our relationships. Practicing gratitude and de-capitalizing our economy will both go along way to create more stable family units.
08:06 PM on 01/31/2013
"but it seems to me and many many researchers that poverty is a significant contributor to failed relationships, drug use and other anti-social behaviours"

Then is is the inconvenient alternative that failed relationships (specifically within the family unit) leads to poverty, drug use, and other anti-social behavior.