And this is only the first of two data dumps. StatsCan will be publishing more information on September 19, 2011.
If you don't have the time or patience to pour over all the raw data, we have the list for you.
Here's a look at all the highlights.
With files from The Canadian Press
National Household Survey Highlights
— As of May 2011, 33,476,688 people were enumerated in Canada, nearly twice as many as in 1961 and 10 times the number in 1861.
— Canada's population grew by 5.9 per cent between 2006 and 2011, up slightly from 5.4 per cent during the previous five years.
— For the first time, more people in Canada live west of Ontario (30.7 per cent) than in Quebec and Atlantic Canada combined (30.6 per cent).
— Canada's population growth between 2006 and 2011 was the highest among G8 countries.
— Every province and most territories saw their population increase between 2006 and 2011; the rate of growth increased everywhere except in Ontario, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut.
— The growth rate in Ontario declined to 5.7 per cent, its lowest level since the early 1980s.
— Population growth in Saskatchewan hit 6.7 per cent, compared with a negative growth rate of 1.1 per cent between 2001 and 2006; the province welcomed more than 28,000 immigrants during the latest census period, nearly three times the number of the previous five-year period.
— The rate of growth in both Yukon (11.6 per cent) and Manitoba (5.2 per cent) has doubled since 2006.
— The rate of growth in Prince Edward Island (3.2 per cent), New Brunswick (2.9 per cent) and Newfoundland and Labrador (1.8 per cent) has increased substantially between 2006 and 2011.
— Nearly seven of every 10 Canadians lived in one of Canada's 33 main urban centres in 2011.
— The rate of population growth in almost all census metropolitan areas located in Ontario slowed between 2006 and 2011.
— Of the 15 Canadian communities with the highest rates of growth, 10 were located in Alberta.